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Additive Manufacturing of Functionally Graded Materials: A Comprehensive Review

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Abstract

Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are a new generation of engineered materials whose composition and structure are spatially varied through non-uniform distribution. This article presents a comprehensive overview of FGMs, including their conventional fabrication techniques in brief and a detailed analysis of their fabrication through additive manufacturing (AM). In contrast, the AM enables the fabrication of complex and intricate geometry. The combination of materials composition, manufacturing techniques, and modelling of FGMs is conferred with appropriate insistence on illuminating the fundamental structure–property-material relationships. Further, the challenges in the fabrication, modelling, and strategy to process of FGMs are discussed.

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Acknowledgements

This work was conducted under the grant number SRG/2021/002204, funded by the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India.

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Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), DST, India, SRG/2021/002204, RAJKUMAR VELU

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  1. Additive Manufacturing Research Laboratory (AMRL), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, PO-Nagrota, Jagti, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 181221, India

    Mohit Teacher & Rajkumar Velu

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Rajkumar Velu

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Teacher, M., Velu, R. Additive Manufacturing of Functionally Graded Materials: A Comprehensive Review. Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. 25, 165–197 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-023-00864-x

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