Abstract
Soil erosion is a pressing natural phenomenon confronting nations all over the world. The study's objectives are to establish an evaluation model of soil erosion in the Paguyaman Watershed, Gorontalo, Indonesia, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Eight different factors, slope, elevation, slope length, annual rainfall, average wind speed clay ratio, NDVI, and NDMI were considered in this study. Each factor has been assigned a weight, and maps have been created using a Geographic Information System and remote sensing tools. The combined map of all maps indicates the intensity of soil erosion in five separate classes: very high (0.07%), high (18.90%), moderate (46.69%), low (5.94%), and very low (0%). The high and moderate class is the dominant study area, which shows that the area is at high risk of soil erosion. Slope (0.24), NDVI (0.23), and annual rainfall (0.15) were found to be the dominant factors influencing the soil erosion risk. According to the AUC ROC value of 0.762, the soil erosion risk map has an overall success rate of 76.2%. The findings of this study may be used by policymakers to adopt suitable conservation programs to prevent soil erosion or to advocate soil conservation acts.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gorontalo for the partial financial support through an internal faculty grant. We are also would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and express their gratitude to everyone who helped make this study a reality. The authors would also like to thank all of the free database and satellite data providers whose data was downloaded from their web portal and used in this study.
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Olii, M.R. designed the model and the computational framework and wrote the manuscript. Olii, A. and Kironoto, B.A. analyzed the data and performed the calculations. Pakaya, R. drafted and designed the figures. Olii, A.K.Z. verified the analytical methods. All authors discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript.
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Olii, M.R., Olii, A.K.Z., Olii, A. et al. Spatial modeling of soil erosion risk: a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach in the paguyaman watershed, gorontalo, Indonesia. Arab J Geosci 17, 226 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-024-12032-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-024-12032-0