SpringerLink
Log in

Trace and rare earth elements in the Permian shales: geochemical paradigms

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Arabian Journal of Geosciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The present study investigates the geochemistry of the shale samples from the Barren Measures Formation of the Jharia Basin through major and trace element distributions as well as through bulk mineralogical attributes. The rare earth element distribution shows the dominance of light rare earth elements (LREEs) over heavy rare earth elements (HREEs). The chondrite-normalized REE pattern shows fractionation of LREEs but the almost flat distribution of the HREEs. These distributions, along with a negative europium anomaly (Eu/Eu* ranges from 0.58 to 0.66) and negligible cerium (Ce/Ce*) anomaly, may indicate the terrigenous source of these REEs. The SiO2 content (53.02 to 60.22 wt%), the ratio of Al2O3/TiO2 (21.09 to 26.80) as well as the ratio of the TiO2/Zr content (63.14 to 88.31) may indicate felsic to intermediate source rocks, which is supported by the La/Sc (2.86 to 4.11), La/Co (2.70 to 6.77), Th/Co (1.00 to 3.87) and Th/Cr (1.11 to 2.73) ratios along with the Eu anomaly. These shale samples consist of substantial amounts of kaolinite and muscovite, as reflected by K2O/Al2O3, SiO2/Al2O3 and index of compositional variation values. Such enrichment of kaolinite and muscovite in the samples would be the consequence of moderate to heavy precipitation under sub-humid to humid palaeoclimatic condition reflected by the C-value [(Fe + Mn + Cr + Ni + V + Co)/(Ca + Mg + Sr + Ba + K + Na)], Rb/Sr range (0.56–1.65) and large TiO2 content. This source rock weathering coupled with oxidation would have led to the loss of uranium and consequent enhancement of the Th/U ratio (2.99 to 6.59). The V, Cr and Ni concentrations further suggest sub-oxic and anoxic redox conditions. Besides, in the mineralogical aspects, the X-ray diffraction reflects that the quartz is the most dominant mineral present in the samples, followed by muscovite and kaolinite along with some chlorite, carbonate and feldspar. The large amounts of brittle quartz grains and low amounts of ductile clay minerals in the samples may suggest the brittle nature of these shales. Finally, from the ranges of the brittleness indices (BI1 = 48.88 to 71.99 and BIM = 49.24 to 68.77) the shales from the Barren Measures Formation of the Jharia Basin were found to be very brittle and, hence, are apposite for carrying out hydraulic fracturing for the shale gas exploration.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (Germany)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Data will be made available once requested.

References

  • Adeoye JA, Akande SO, Adekeye OA, Abikoye VT (2020) Geochemistry and paleoecology of shales from the Cenomanian-Turonian Afowo formation Dahomey Basin, Nigeria: implication for provenance and paleoenvironments. J Afr Earth Sc 169:103887

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Algeo TJ, Maynard JB (2004) Trace-element behavior and redox facies in core shales of Upper Pennsylvanian Kansas-type cyclothems. Chem Geol 206:289–318

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allegre CJ, Minster JF (1978) Quantitative models of trace element behavior in magmatic processes. Earth Planet Sci Lett 38(1):1–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Altindag R (2010) Assessment of some brittleness indexes in rock-drilling efficiency. Rock Mech Rock Eng 43:361–370

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Armstrong-Altrin JS, Lee YI, Verma SP, Ramasamy S (2004) Geochemistry of sandstones from the upper Miocene Kudankulam formation, southern India: implications for provenance, weathering, and tectonic setting. J Sediment Res 74:285–297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Armstrong-Altrin JS, Lee YI, Kasper-Zubillaga JJ, Carranza-Edwards A, Garcia D, Eby N, Balaram V, Cruz-Ortiz NL (2012) Geochemistry of beach sands along the western Gulf of Mexico, Mexico: implication for provenance. Chem Erde-Geochem 72:345–362

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Armstrong-Altrin JS, Nagarajan R, Madhavaraju J, Rosalez-Hoz L, Lee YI, Balaram V, Cruz-Martinez A, Avila-Ramirez G (2013) Geochemistry of the Jurassic and upper Cretaceous shales from the Molango Region, Hidalgo, Eastern Mexico: implications of source–area weathering, provenance, and tectonic setting. CR Geosci 345:185–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bai Y, Liu Z, Sun P, Liu R, Hu X, Zhao H, Xu Y (2015) Rare earth and major element geochemistry of Eocene fine-grained sediments in oil shale- and coal-bearing layers of th Meihe Basin, northeast China. J Asia Earth Sci 97(A):89–101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhadra S, Mukhopadhyay RN (1988) Final report on the Regional exploration for coal in Mohuda block (West of Maheshpur Dyke), Jharia Coalfield, Dhanbad and Giridih districts, Bihar. Unpublished Report of the Geological Survey of India for the field season 1987

  • Bhatia MR (1985) Composition and classification of Paleozoic flysch mudrocks of eastern Australia: implications in provenance and tectonic setting interpretation. Sed Geol 41:249–268

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhatia MR, Crook KA (1986) Trace element characteristics of graywackes and tectonic setting discrimination of sedimentary basins. Contrib Miner Petrol 92:181–193

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Birk D, White JC (1991) Rare earth elements in bituminous coals and underclays of the Sydney Basin, Nova Scotia: element sites, distribution, mineralogy. Int J Coal Geol 19(1):219–251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bostrӧm K (1973) The origin and fate of ferromangan on active ridge sediments. Stockholm Contrib Geol 27:149–243

    Google Scholar 

  • Boynton WV (1984) Geochemistry of the rare earth elements: meteorite studies. In: Henderson P (ed) Rare earth element geochemistry, 1st edn. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 63–114

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Cao J, Wu M, Chan Y, Hu K, Bian LZ, Wang LG, Zhang Y (2012) Trace and rare earth elements geochemistry of Jurassic mudstones in the northern Qaidam basin, northwest China. Chem Erde-Geochem 72:245–252

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Casshyap SM (1970) Sedimentary cycles and environment of deposition of the Barakar coal measures of lower Gondwana. India. J Sediment Res 40(4):1302–1317

    Google Scholar 

  • Casshyap SM (1973) Palaeocurrent and palaeogeographic reconstruction of Barakar sandstone of peninsular India. Sed Geol 9:383–404

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Casshyap SM, Tewari RC (1991) Depositional model and tectonic evolution of Gondwana basins. In: Venkatachala BS, Maheswari HK (Eds.) Indian Gondwana. Memoirs Geological Society of India, 21, 95 – 206

  • Chakraborty C, Mandal N, Ghosh SK (2003) Kinematics of the Gondwana basins of peninsular India. Tectonophysics 377:299–324

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chalmers GRL, Bustin RM (2007) The organic matter distribution and methane capacity of the Lower Cretaceous strata of northeastern British Columbia. Int J Coal Geol 70:223–239

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Charles K, Makenya AHM, Shukrani M (2008) Geochemistry of fine-grained clastic sedimentary rocks of the Neoproterozoic Ikorongo Group, NE Tanzania: implications for provenance and source rock weathering. Precambr Res 164:201–213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clarkson CR, Haghshenas B, Ghanizadeh A, Qanbari F, Williams- Kovacs JD, Riazi N, Debuhr C, Deglint HJ (2016) Nanopores to megafractures: current challenges and methods for shale gas reservoir and hydraulic fracture characterization. J Nat Gas Sci Eng 31:612–657

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cox R, Lowe DR, Cullers RL (1995) The influence of sediment recycling and basement composition of evolution of mudrock chemistry in the southwestern United States. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 59:2919–2940

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cullers RL (1994) The controls on the major and trace element variation of shales, siltstones, and sandstones of Pennsylvanian-Permian age from uplifted continental blocks in Colorado to platform sediment in Kansas, USA. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 58:4955–4972

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cullers RL (1995) The controls on the major- and trace-element evolution of shales, siltstones and sandstones of Ordovician to tertiary age in the wet mountains region, Colorado, USA. Chem Geol 123:107–131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cullers RL (2000) The geochemistry of shales, siltstones and sandstones of Pennsylvanian Permian age, Colorado, USA: implications for provenance and metamorphic studies. Lithos 51:181–203

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cullers RL (2002) Implications of elemental concentrations for provenance, redox conditions, and metamorphic studies of shales and limestones near Pueblo, CO, USA. Chem Geol 191:305–327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Curtis JB (2002) Fractured shale-gas systems. Am Assoc Pet Geol Bull 86(11):1921–1938

    Google Scholar 

  • Dai S, Graham IT, Ward CR (2016) A review of anomalous rare earth elements and yttrium in coal. Int J Coal Geol 159:82–95

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dasgupta P (2005) Facies pattern of the middle Permian Barren Measures Formation, Jharia basin, India: the sedimentary response to basin tectonics. J Earth Syst Sci 114:287–302

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deng P (1993) The application of trace amount of elements in the exploration of oil and gas. Pet Explor Dev 20:27–32 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dewhurst DN, Aplin AC, Sarda JP (1999) Influence of clay fraction on pore-scale properties and hydraulic conductivity of experimentally compacted mudstones. J Geophys Res 104:29261–29274

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dickinson WR, Beard LS, Brakenridge GR, Erjavec JL, Ferguson RC, Inman KF, Knepp RA, Lindberg FA, Ryberg PT (1983) Provenance of North American Phanerozoic sandstones in relation to tectonic setting. Geol Soc Am Bull 94:222–235

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ding M, Li Y, Fan T, Lash G, Wei X, Zhang T (2023) Geochemistry of the Lower Silurian black shales from the Upper Yangtze Platform, South China: implications for paleoclimate, provenance, and tectonic setting. J Asian Earth Sci 242:105493

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • El Nady MM, Ramadan FS, Hammad MM, Lotfy NM (2015) Evaluation of organic matters, hydrocarbon potential and thermal maturity of source rocks based on geochemical and statistical methods: case study of source rocks in Ras Gharib oilfield, central Gulf of Suez, Egypt. Egypt J Pet 24:203–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eric BK, Fralick P, Emile E, Betrant BS, Ntoboh TC, Nkongho AE, Cedric BB (2021) Geochemical constraints on the provenance, paleoweathering and maturity of the Mamfe black shales, West Africa. J Afr Earth Sc 175:104078

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fedo CM, Nesbitt HW, Young GM (1995) Unraveling the effects of potassium metasomatism in sedimentary rocks and paleosoils, with implications for paleoweathering conditions and provenance. Geology 23:921–924

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feng Y, **ao X, Gao P, Wang E, Hu D, Liu R, Li G, Lu C (2023) Restoration of sedimentary environment and geochemical features of deep marine Longmaxi shale and its significance for shale gas: a case study of the Dingshan area in the Sichuan Basin, South China. Mar Pet Geol 151:106186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Floyd PA, Leveridge BE (1987) Tectonic environment of the Devonian Gramscatho basin, south Cornwall: framework mode and geochemical evidence from turbiditic sandstones. J Geol Soc 144(4):531–542

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fox CS (1930) The Jharia Coalfield. Mem Geol Surv India 56:248

  • Fox CS (1931) The Gondwana system and related formations. Memoirs of Geological Survey of India 58(2):1–241

  • Galarraga F, Reategui K, Martïnez A, Martínez M, Llamas J, Márquez G (2008) V/ Ni ratio as a parameter in palaeoenvironmental characterisation of nonmature medium-crude oils from several Latin American basins. J Petrol Sci Eng 61:9–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gasparik M, Ghanizadeh A, Bertier P, Gensterblum Y, Bouw S, Krooss BM (2012) High-pressure methane sorption isotherms of black shales from The Netherlands. Energy Fuels 26(8):4995–5004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ghosh SK, Mukhopadhyay A (1985) Tectonic history of the Jharia basin—an intracratonic Gondwana basin in eastern India. Q J Geol Min Metall Soc India 57:33–58

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghosh S, Ojha A, Varma AK (2022) Geochemical signatures of potassium metasomatism in anthracite from the Himalayan fold-thrust belts of Sikkim, India. Int J Coal Sci Technol 9:29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40789-022-00495-z

  • Gromet LP, Dymek RF, Haskin LA, Korotev RV (1984) The North American shale composite: its compilation, major and trace element characteristics. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 48:2469–2482

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • GSI (2003) Coal resources of West Bengal. In: Dutt RK, Dutt AB. (Eds.) Dutta compiled. Bull Geol Surv India Ser A 45: 1–109

  • Guo T, Zhang S, Ge H, Wang X, Lei X, **ao B (2015) A new method for evaluation of fracture network formation capacity of rock. Fuel 140:778–787

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hatch JR, Leventhal JS (1992) Relationship between inferred redox potential of the depositional environment and geochemistry of the Upper Pennsylvanian (Missourian) Stark Shale Member of the Dennis Limestone, Wabaunsee County, Kansas, USA. Chem Geol 99:65–82

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hayashi KI, Fujisawa H, Holland HD, Ohmoto H (1997) Geochemistry of ~1.9 Ga sedimentary rocks from northeastern Labrador. Canada Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta 61:4115–4137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hower JC, Granite EJ, Mayfield DB, Lewis AS, Finkelman RB (2016) Notes on contributions to the science of rare earth element enrichment in coal and coal combustion by products. Minerals 6(2):32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu Y, Gonzalez Perdomo ME, Wu K, Chen Z, Zhang K, Yi J, Ren G, Yu Y (2015) New models of brittleness index for shale gas reservoirs: weights of brittle minerals and rock mechanics parameters. In: SPE Asia Pacific Unconventional Resources Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers. 2118/177010-MS

  • Jadoon QK, Roberts EM, Henderson RA, Blenkinsop TG, Wust RAJ (2018) Mineralogical variability of the Permian Roseneath and Murteree Shales from the Cooper Basin, Australia: implications for shale properties and hydrocarbon extraction. J Petrol Sci Eng 165:850–872

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jarvie DM, Hill RJ, Ruble TE, Pollastro RM (2007) Unconventional shale-gas systems: the Mississippian Barnett Shale of north-central Texas as one model for thermogenic shale-gas assessment. Am Asso Petrol Geol Bull 91(4):75–499

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones B, Manning DAC (1994) Comparison of geochemical indices used for the interpretation of palaeoredox conditions in ancient mudstones. Chem Geol 111:111–129

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kahramana S, Altindag R (2004) A brittleness index to estimate fracture toughness. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 41:343–348

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keskin S (2011) Geochemistry of Çamardı Formation sediments, central Anatolia (Turkey): implication of source area weathering, provenance, and tectonic setting. J Geosci 15:185–195

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar S, Das S, Bastia R, Ojha K (2018) Mineralogical and morphological characterization of Older Cambay Shale from North Cambay Basin, India: implication for shale oil/gas development. Mar Pet Geol 97:339–354

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar S, Varma AK, Mendhe VA (2021) Multi-scale pore characterization of Barakar shale in the Mand-Raigarh Basin, India: scientific upshots from geochemical approaches and imaging techniques. Arab J Geosci 14:2188

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lai J, Wang G, Huang L, Li W, Ran Y, Wang D, Zhou Z, Chen J (2015) Brittleness index estimation in a tight shaly sandstone reservoir using well logs. J Nat Gas Sci Eng 27:1536–1545

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee YI (2009) Geochemistry of shales of the Upper Cretaceous Hayang Group, SE Korea: implications for provenance and source weathering at an active continental margin. Sed Geol 215:1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu G, Zhou DS (2007) Application of microelements analysis in identifying sedimentary environment—taking Qianjiang formation in the Jianghan Basin as an example. Pet Geol Exp 29:307–310 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu R, Liu Z, Sun P, Xu Y, Liu D, Yang X, Zhang C (2015) Geochemistry of the Eocene Jijuntun Formation oil shale in the Fushun Basin, northeast China: implications for source–area weathering, provenance and tectonic setting. Chemie Der Erde- Geochemistry 75(1):105–116

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu B, Song Y, Zhu K, Su P, Ye X, Zhao W (2020) Mineralogy and element geochemistry of salinized lacustrine organic-rich shale in the Middle Permian Santanghu Basin: implications for paleoenvironment, provenance, tectonic setting and shale oil potential. Mar Pet Geol 120:104569

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mallick M, Banerjee B, Hassan T, Kumar TV, Babu EVSSK, Krishna K, Kumar R (2022) Geochemistry of Permian carbonaceous shales from Raniganj sub-basin, Damodar Valley, India: implications for provenance, weathering, tectonics and source of organic matter. Appl Geochem 146:105469

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mani D, Ratnam B, Kalpana MS, Patil DJ, Dayal AM (2016) Elemental and organic geochemistry of Gondwana sediments from the Krishna-Godavari Basin, India. Geochemistry 76:117–213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McLennan SM (1989) Rare Earth elements in sedimentary rocks: influence of provenance and sedimentary process. Rev Mineral Geochem 21:169–200

    Google Scholar 

  • McLennan SM, Hemming S, McDaniel DK, Hanson GN (1993) Geochemical approaches to sedimentation, provenance, and tectonics. Geol Soc Am Spec Pap 284:21–40

    Google Scholar 

  • McLennan SM, Hemming SR, Taylor SR, Eriksson KA (1995) Early Proterozoic crustal evolution: Geochemical and Nd-Pb isotopic evidence from metasedimentary rocks, southwestern North America. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 59:1153–1177

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mehta DRS, Murthy BRN (1957) A revision of the geology and coal resources of the Jharia coalfield. Memoirs of Geological Survey of India 84(2):142

  • Mendhe VA, Kamble AD, Bannerjee M, Mishra S, Mukherjee S, Mishra P (2016) Evaluation of shale gas reservoir in Barakar and Barren Measure Formations of North and South Karanpura coalfields, Jharkhand. J Geol Soc India 88:305–316

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mendhe VA, Mishra S, Varma AK, Kamble AD, Bannerjee M, Sutay T (2017) Gas reservoir characteristics of the Lower Gondwana Shales in Raniganj Basin of Eastern India. J Petrol Sci Eng 149:649–664

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mendhe VA, Mishra S, Varma AK, Kamble AD, Bannerjee M, Singh BD, Sutay TM, Singh BD (2018) Geochemical and petrophysical characteristics of Permian shale gas reservoirs of Raniganj Basin, West Bengal, India. Int J Coal Geol 188:1–24

  • Meng F, Zhou H, Zhang C, Xu R, Lu J (2015) Evaluation methodology of brittleness of rock based on post-peak stress strain curves. Rock Mech Rock Eng 48:1787–1805

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mishra V, Chakravarty S, Finkelman RB, Varma AK (2019) Geochemistry of rare earth elements in lower Gondwana coals of the Talchir Coal Basin, India. J Geochem Explor 204:43–56

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitra ND (1987) Structure and tectonics of Gondwana basins of peninsular India. In: Singh RM (ed) Coal resources of India. Banaras Hindu Univ, Varanasi, pp 30–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitra ND 1989) The sedimentary history of Lower Gondwana coal basins of Peninsular India. Proc. Volume VIIth Int. Gond.Symp.,pp. 273–288

  • Moradi AV, Sarl A, Akkaya P (2016) Geochemistry of the Miocene oil shale (Hançili Formation) in the Çankırı-Çorum Basin, Central Turkey: implications for paleoclimate conditions, source–area weathering, provenance and tectonic setting. Sed Geol 341:289–303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mukhopadhyay G, Mukhopadhyay SK, Roychowdhury M, Parui PK (2010) Stratigraphic correlation between different Gondwana basins of India. J Geol Soc India 76:251–266

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nesbitt H, Young G (1982) Early Proterozoic climates and plate motions inferred from major element chemistry of lutites. Nature 299:715–717

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nesbitt HW, Young GM (1984) Prediction of some weathering trends of plutonic and volcanic rocks based on thermodynamic and kinetic considerations. J Geol 48:1523–1534

    Google Scholar 

  • Nesbitt HW, Markovics G, Price RC (1980) Chemical processes affecting alkalis and alkaline earths during continental weathering. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 44:1659–1666

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nesbitt HW, Young GM, McLennan SM, Keays RR (1996) Effects of chemical weathering and sorting on the petrogenesis of siliciclastic sediments, with implications for provenance studies. J Geol 104:525–542

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paul S, Chatterjee R (2011) Map** of cleats and fractures as an indicator of insitu stress orientation, Jharia coalfield, India. Int J Coal Geol 88:113–122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pe-Piper G, Triantafyllidis S, Piper DJW (2008) Geochemical identification of clastic sediment provenance from known sources of similar geology: The Cretaceous Scotian basin, Canada. J Sediment Res 78:595–607

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peng HY, Chen HD, **ang F, Ye NM, Li GX (2006) Application of trace elements analysis on sedimentary environment identification—an example from the Permian Shanxi formation in eastern Ordos Basin. **njiang Geology 24:202–205 (in Chinese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Raja Rao CS (1987) Coalfields of India. Vol-IV, Part I. Coal resources of Bihar. Geological Survey of India Bulletin Series A 45

  • Rantitsch G, Melcher F, Meisel Th, Rainer Th (2003) Rare earth, major and trace elements in Jurassic manganese shales of the Northern Calcaeous Alps: hydrothermal versus hydrogenous origin of stratiform manganese deposits. Mineral Petrol 77:109–127

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson PL (1967) The Indian Gondwana formations—a review. First Symposium on Gondwana Stratigraphy, Mar Del Plata, Argentina. UNESCO, Paris, pp. 201–268

  • Roddaz M, Viers J, Brusset S, Baby P, Boucayrand C, Herail G (2006) Controls on weathering and provenance in the Amazonian foreland basin: insights from major and trace element geochemistry of Neogene Amazonian sediments. Chem Geol 226:31–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roser BP, Korsch RJ (1988) Provenance signatures of sandstone–mudstone suites determined using discriminant function analysis of major-element data. Chem Geol 67:119–139

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ryan KM, Williams DM (2007) Testing the reliability of discrimination diagrams for determining the tectonic depositional environment of ancient sedimentary basins. Chem Geol 242:103–125

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Samad SK, Mishra DK, Mathews RP, Ghosh S, Mendhe VA, Varma, A.k., (2020) Geochemical attributes for source rock and palaeoclimatic reconstruction of the Auranga Basin, India. J Petrol Sci Eng 185:106665

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sengupta N, Guha PKS, Mukhopadhyay A (1979) Pattern of Lower Gondwana sedimentation, Jharia Basin, a model. IVth International Gondwana Symposium, vol. II. Hindustan Pub. Co., Delhi, pp. 617–625

  • Shields G, Stille P (2001) Diagenetic constraints on the use of cerium anomalies as palaeoseawater redox proxies: an isotopic and REE study of Cambrian phosphorites. Chem Geol 175:29–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh P, Rajamani V (2001) REE geochemistry of recent clastic sediments from the Kaveri floodplains, southern India: implication to source area weathering and sedimentary processes. Geochimca Et Cosmochimica Acta 65(18):3093–3108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sondergeld CH, Newsham KE, Comisky JT, Rice MC, Rai CS (2010) Petrophysical considerations in evaluating and producing shale gas resources. In: Paper presented at the SPE Unconventional Gas Conference, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. https://doi.org/10.2118/131768-MS

  • Sun LH, Gui HR, Chen S (2012) Geochemistry of sandstones from the Neoproterozoic Shijia Formation, northern Anhui Province, China: implications for provenance, weathering and tectonic setting. Chemie Der Erde Geochemistry 72:253–260

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tao S, Xu Y, Xu DTH, Chen SLS, Liu W, Cui Y, Gou M (2017) Geochemistry of the Shitoumei oil shale in the Santanghu Basin, Northwest China: implications for paleoclimate conditions, weathering, provenance and tectonic setting. Int J Coal Geol 184:42–56

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor SR, McLennan SM (1985) The continental crust: its composition and evolution. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, p 312

    Google Scholar 

  • Tissot BP, Welte DH (1984) Petroleum formation and occurrence, 2nd edn. Springer, New York, p 699

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Tiwari B, Ojha A, Ghosh S, Varma AK, Mendhe VA, Mondal A (2020) A composite microstructural and geochemical approach to quench the quest for hydrocarbon from Barren Measures shales of Jharia Basin, India. J Nat Gas Sci Eng 78:103310

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Toyoda K, Nakamura Y, Masuda A (1990) Rare earth elements of Pacific pelagic sediments. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 54(4):1093–1103

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tribovillard N, Algeo TJ, Lyons T, Riboulleau A (2006) Trace metals as paleoredox and paleoproductivity proxies: an update. Chem Geol 232:12–32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Varma AK, Mishra DK, Samad SK, Prasad AK, Panigrahi DC, Mendhe VA, Singh BD (2018) Geochemical and organo-petrographic characterization for hydrocarbon generation from Barakar Formation in Auranga Basin, India. Int J Coal Geol 186(97):114

    Google Scholar 

  • Veevers JJ, Tewari RC (1995) Gondwana master basin of peninsular India between Tethys and the interior of the Gondwanaland province of Pangea. Mem Geol Soc Am 187:1–73

    Google Scholar 

  • Venkatachala BS, Maheswari HK (1988) Indian Gondwana-redefined. 7th International Gondwana Symposium, Sao Paulo. BSIPB, University of Lucknow, India, pp. 539– 547

  • Verma SP, Armstrong-Altrin JS (2013) New multi-dimensional diagrams for tectonic discrimination of siliciclastic sediments and their application to Precambrian basins. Chem Geol 355:117–133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verma RP, Jaipuriar AM, Paul PR (1989) Compendium on updated and revised geology of Jharia coalfield (excluding TISCO & IISCO properties). Central Mine Planning and Design Institute Ltd., Ranchi

    Google Scholar 

  • Verma SP, Díaz-González L, Armstrong-Altrin JS (2015) Application of a new computer program for tectonic discrimination of Cambrian to Holocene clastic sediments. Earth Sci Inform 9:151–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang FP, Gale JFW (2009) Screening criteria for shale-gas systems. Trans GCAGS 59:779–793

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang D, Ge H, Wang X, Wang J, Meng F, Suo Y, Han P (2015) A novel experimental approach for fracability evaluation in tight-gas reservoirs. J Nat Gas Sci Eng 23:239–249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wignall PB, Myers KJ (1988) Interpreting benthic oxygen levels in mudrocks: A new approach. Geology 16:452–455

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Worash G (2002) Geochemistry provenance and tectonic setting of the Adigrat sandstone northern Ethiopia. J Afr Earth Sci 35:185–198

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wronkiewicz DJ, Condie KC (1987) Geochemistry of Archean shales from the Witwatersrand Supergroup, South Africa: source-area weathering and provenance. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 51(9):2401–2416

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yagiz S (2009) Assessment of brittleness using rock strength and density with punch penetration test. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 24:66–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang DW, Li YX, Zhang JC, Qiao DW, Jiang WL, Zhang JF (2012a) The evaluation of shale gas resources and potential investigation in China. Geology Publishing House, Bei**g, pp 70–78

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang TW, Ellis GS, Ruppel SC, Milliken K, Yang RS (2012b) Effect of organic matter type and thermal maturity on methane adsorption in shale-gas systems. Org Geochem 47:120–131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang S, Liang CLH, Wang J, Bai J, Yang M, Liu G, Huang H, Gua Y (2018) Paleoenvironmental conditions, organic matter accumulation, and unconventional hydrocarbon potential for the Permian Lucaogou Formation organic-rich rocks in Santanghu Basin, NW China. Int J Coal Geol 185:44–60

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao ZY, Zhao JH, Wang HJ, Liao JD, Liu CM (2007) Distribution characteristics and applications of trace elements in Junggar Basin. Nat Gas Explor Dev 30:30–33 (in Chinese with English abstract)

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are indebted to the Learned Editor and Reviewers for their constructive inputs that have certainly enhanced the quality of the manuscript. They sincerely thank the Geological Survey of India, Kolkata, for providing the shale samples. They are indebted to the CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI), Hyderabad, India, for carrying out the HR-ICPMS of the samples. They also appreciate the SAIF and the Department of Earth Sciences, IIT-Bombay, Mumbai, India, for XRD analysis. The authors acclaim the Department of Science and Technology (DST) India for financing the Department of Applied Geology, IIT (ISM) Dhanbad, India, for acquiring modern facilities and instrument setups under the scheme of DST-FIST Level II [No- SR/FST/ES II014/2012 (C)].

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Coal Geology and Organic Petrology Laboratory, Department of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India

    Balram Tiwari & Atul Kumar Varma

  2. Department of Geology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796004, India

    Santanu Ghosh

  3. Centre for Petroleum Exploration, School of Earth Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796004, India

    Susheel Kumar

Authors
  1. Balram Tiwari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Santanu Ghosh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Susheel Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Atul Kumar Varma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

BT: conceptualization; writing: original draft. SG: formal analysis; data curation. SK: writing: review and editing. AKV: supervision; project management.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Balram Tiwari.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Responsible Editor: Santanu Banerjee

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Tiwari, B., Ghosh, S., Kumar, S. et al. Trace and rare earth elements in the Permian shales: geochemical paradigms. Arab J Geosci 16, 272 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-023-11361-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-023-11361-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation