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Quantifying how climatic factors influence essential oil yield in wild-growing plants

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Abstract

Since the quantity and quality of plant metabolites are considerably affected by environmental conditions of the habitat, this study aimed at examining the impact of the main climatic factors on the quantity of essential oils (EOs) in two plant species growing spontaneously in Algerian semiarid zones: Thymus algeriensis Boiss & Reut. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. Essential oils were extracted yearly (2010–2014) from aerial parts by water distillation using Clevenger type system, then oil yield rates were estimated in relation to the dry matter of plant samples. Yields of species EOs showed significant variations during the 5 years and between the plant species and for the interaction “Year × Species”. The significant annual variations in EO yields suggest the involvement of climate, which affects differently the metabolism of plants resulting in different species EO yields. Rosmarinus officinalis accumulated the best oil content during 2010, 2012, and 2013 with 1%, 0.93%, and 0.88% respectively. Thymus algeriensis yielded higher EOs in 2013 followed by 2012 and 2011 with 1.08%, 0.67%, and 0.59% respectively. Furthermore, R. officinalis produced higher EO amount than T. algeriensis. The generalized linear model showed that oil accumulation in both species decreased significantly with the increase of precipitation. Secondary metabolism of T. algeriensis was more sensitive to climate variability compared to R. officinalis. While the later species responded negatively to the effect of wind speed and positively to mean temperature, all climate variables (except temperature) presented a significant influence on the variation of T. algeriensis EO yields.

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The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the authors on a reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Laboratory of Plant Biology at the Department of Natural and Life Sciences, Larbi Tebessi University, Tebessa, Algeria, for all facilities provided in carrying out this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nature and Life Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences and Nature and Life Sciences, University of Larbi Tebessi - Tebessa, 12002, Tebessa, Algeria

    Souad Mehalaine & Haroun Chenchouni

  2. Laboratory of Natural Resources and Management of Sensitive Environments ‘RNAMS’, Larbi Ben M’hidi University, 04000, Oum El Bouaghi, Algeria

    Haroun Chenchouni

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  1. Souad Mehalaine
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SM and HC conceived the ideas of the study. SM designed methodology and conducted field and laboratory works. HC analyzed data and designed the article. SM and HC drafted, revised the manuscript, and approved the final version of the article.

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Correspondence to Haroun Chenchouni.

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Responsible Editor: Zhihua Zhang

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Mehalaine, S., Chenchouni, H. Quantifying how climatic factors influence essential oil yield in wild-growing plants. Arab J Geosci 14, 1257 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-07582-6

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