SpringerLink
Log in

Identification of Location-Specific Male and Female Sugarcane Parents and Formulation of Breeding Strategies

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Sugar Tech Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Profuse flowering was noticed in 68 sugarcane genotypes during the 2017 and 2018 crop** seasons. To identify location-specific male and female parents, pollens from the anthesized genotypes were collected at 5.30, 6.30, and 7.30 a.m. The viability was tested using potassium iodide (KI) and acetocarmine staining methods. The analysis of variance indicated a significant effect for genotype, time of pollen collection, year, staining methods, and interaction between genotype and time of pollen collection, and staining methods. The pollen viability was high in the early morning collections (5.30 a.m.). The KI stain displayed higher viability percentages than acetocarmine. The pooled mean and ‘t’ test-based analysis of pollen germination revealed that the clone G 2012091 had the highest germination percentages of 75.80 and 77.30 in the acetocarmine and KI staining methods, respectively, while the genotype CoG 93076 had the lowest germination in all three evaluated times. Based on the pollen viability and germination studies, the genotypes G 2012091, G 2012061, G 2012035, G 2014036, and G2012115 were designated as male while CoG 93076 was earmarked as female. To formulate breeding strategies, the effects of crossing and selfing were estimated. In the bi-parental crosses, the fluff germination ranged from 5.4 to 20.80% and from 5.0% to 21.40% during the 2020 and 2021 seasons, respectively, while a decline was noticed in all the selfed seeds. Selfing did not affect quality traits; however, it reduced the performance of quantitative traits. It is ascertained that bi-parental hybridization followed by selection would be rewarding.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (Germany)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abu-Ellail, F.F.B., and P.H. McCord. 2019. Temperature and relative humidity effects on sugarcane flowering ability and pollen viability under natural and seminatural conditions. Sugar Tech 21: 83–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aitken, K.S., M.D. McNeil, S. Hermann, P.C. Bundock, A. Kilian, K. Heller-Uszynska, R.J. Henry, and J. Li. 2014. A comprehensive genetic map of sugarcane that provides enhanced map coverage and integrates high-throughput Diversity Array Technology (DArT) markers. BMC Genomics 15: 152. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-15-152.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Amaya, E.A. 1986. Mejoramiento de la caña de azúcar. In El cultivo de la caña de azúcar, ed. C. Buenaventura. 41–52. Cali: Tecnicaña.

  • Araldi, R., F.M.L. Silva, E.O. Ono, and J.D. Rodrigues. 2010. Flowering in sugarcane. Ciencia Rural 40 (3): 694–702. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-84782010005000033.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baker, H.G., and I. Baker. 1979. Starch in angiosperm pollen grains and its evolutionary significance. American Journal of Botany 66: 591–600.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berding, N., R.S. Pendrigh, and V. Dunne. 2007. Can flowering in sugarcane be optimised by use of differential declinations for the initiation and development phases? Proceedings of the International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists 27: 699–711.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonnett, G.D., N. Berding, T. Morgan, and P. Fitzgerald. 2007. Implementation of genetically modified sugarcane – The need for a better understanding of sexual reproduction. Proceedings of the Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists 29: 258–266.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brett, P.G.C. 1951. Flowering and pollen fertility in relation to sugarcane breeding in Natal. Proceedings of the International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists 7: 43–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cassalett, C., C.A. Viveros, and L.R. Pizza. 1996. Self pollination in sugarcane hybrids, Saccharum spp. Proceedings of the International Society of Sugarcane Technologists Congress 12: 312–315.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cox, M., M. Hogarth, and G. Smith. 2000. Cane breeding and improvement. In Manual of Cane Growing, Bureau of Sugar Experimental Stations, Indooroopilly, Australia, ed. M. Hogarth, and P. Allsopp, 91–108. Brisbane: Fergies printers

  • Dal-Bianco, M., M.S. Carneiro, C.T. Hotta, R.G. Chapola, H.P. Hoffmann, A.A.F. Garcia, and G.M. Souza. 2012. Sugarcane improvement: how far can we go? Current Opinion in Biotechnology 23: 265–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2011.09.002.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dutt, N.L., M.K. Krishnaswami, and K.S.S. Rao. 1938. On certain floral characters in sugarcane. Proceedings of International Society of Sugarcane Technologists 6: 154–170.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, F.M., M.H.P. Barbosa, R.D. de Castro, L.A. Peternelli, and C.D. Cruz. 2005. Effects of inbreeding on the selection of sugar cane clones. Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 5 (2): 174–182.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glassop, D., A. Rae, and G. Bonnett G,. 2014. Sugarcane flowering genes and pathways in relation to vegetative regression. Sugar Tech 16: 235–242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-013-0284-z.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heslop-Harrison, J.S. 1992. Pollen Capture, Adhesion and Hydration, In Sexual Plant Reproduction, ed M. Cresti, and A. Tiezzi, 81–88 Heidelberg, Berlin: Springer https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77677-9_8

  • Higgins, J.A., P.C. Bailey, and D.A. Laurie. 2010. Comparative genomics of flowering time pathways using Brachypodium distachyon as a model for the temperate grasses. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010065.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Hirsche, J., J.M.G. Fernández, E. Stabentheiner, D.K. Grobkinsky, and T. Roitsch. 2017. Differential effects of carbohydrates on Arabidopsis pollen germination. Plant Cell Physiology 58: 691–701.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hogarth, D.M. 1980. The effect of accidental selfing on the analysis of a diallel cross with sugar cane. Euphytica 29: 737–746.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • James, G.L. 2004. An Introduction to Sugarcane. In Sugarcane, second edition, ed. G.James, 1–18. United States:Blackwell Science Limited. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470995358.ch1.

  • Loch, D.S., B.G. Cook, and G.L. Harvey.1999. Crop establishment. In forage seed production, ed. D.S.Loch, and J.E. Ferguson, Volume 2: Tropical and Subtropical Species, 141–157. Oxon, UK: CAB International.

  • Machado Jr., G.P. (1987) Sugarcane improvement. In Sugarcane: cultivation and use, ed. S.B. Paranhos,165–186. Campinas: Cargill foundation.

  • McIntyre, C.L., and P.A. Jackson. 2001. Low Level of Selfing Found in a Sample of Crosses in Australian Sugarcane Breeding Programs. Euphytica 117: 245–249.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McWatters, H.G., and P.F. Devlin. 2011. Timing in plants – a rhythmic arrangement. FEBS Letters 585: 1474–1484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2011.03.051.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meade, G. P., and J.C.P. Chen. 1977. Cane Sugar Hand Book: A manual for cane sugar manufacturers and their chemists.10th edition, New York: Wiley Inter Science, John Wiley and Sons.

  • Mehareb, E.M., F.F. Aboelenen, L. **n, M. Jun, W. Zhuandi, and W. Caiwen. 2017. Pollen storage as an alternative to sugarcane flowering synchronization. Pakistan Sugar Journal 32: 18–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Melloni, M.L.G., M.S. Scarpari, and R. Jeremias de, J.R. Mendonça, D. Perecin, M.G.A. Landell, and L.R. Pinto. 2013. Comparision of two staining methods for pollen viability studies in sugarcane. Sugar Tech 15: 103–107.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Midmore, D.J. 1980. Effects of photoperiod on flowering and fertility of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.). Field Crops Research 3: 65–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(80)90008-8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moore, P.H. 1976. Studies on sugarcane pollen. II. Pollen storage. Phyton, Argentina 34: 71–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nair, N.V., A. Selvi, T.V. Srinivasan, and K.N. Pushpalatha. 2002. Molecular diversity in Indian sugarcane cultivars as revealed by randomly amplified DNA polymorphisms. Euphytica 127: 219–225.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen, J.F., S.R. Bean, D.L. Funnell, and R.A. Graybosch. 2004. Rapid iodine staining techniques for identifying the waxy phenotype in sorghum grain and waxy genotype in sorghum pollen. Crop Science 44 (3): 764–767.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rao, P.S. 1980. Fertility, seed storage and seed viability in sugarcane. Proceedings of the International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists 17: 1236–1240.

    Google Scholar 

  • Silva, M.A., and P.S.Gonçalves. 2011. Inbreeding in sugarcane varieties. Ciência Rural. 41(4):580–586. Accessed 2 August 2022.

  • Skinner, J.C. 1959. Controlled pollination of sugarcane. Bureau of Sugar Experiment Stations (queesland): Technical Communication 1: 7–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Song, Y.H., and T. Imaizumi. 2013. Flowering time regulation: photoperiod and temperature-sensing in leaves. Trends in Plant Science 18: 575–583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2013.05.003.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sudhagar, R., K. Koodalingam, M. Joseph, and A. Thirumurugan. 2006. Genotypic performance of the pre-release elite early sugarcane clones for north eastern region of Tamil Nadu. Cooperative Sugar 38 (1): 41–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sudhagar, R., and M. Shanmuganathan. 2021. Breeding for abiotic stress tolerance in sugarcane. In Advances in genetics and plant breeding, ed. Pidigam Saidaiah, 14:41–55. New Delhi: AkiNik Publications

  • Tew, T.L., and Y.B. Pan. 2010. Microsatellite (simple sequence repeat) marker-based paternity analysis of a seven-parent sugarcane polycross. Crop Science 50 (4): 1401–1408. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2009.10.0579.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thirumurugan, A., M. Joseph, R. Sudhagar, and N. Meenakshi Ganesan. 2006. Improving efficacy of Trichogramma chilonis against shoot borer, Chilo infuseatellus (Snellen) in sugarcane ecosystem of tropical India. Sugar Tech 8 (2): 155–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verma, P.S., B.D. Singh, and S.B. Singh. 2002. Sugarcane & its problems. Effect of storage on seed viability of sugarcane fluff. Indian Sugar 52: 261–264.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Z.Y., Y. Ge, M. Scott, and G. Spangenberg. 2004. Viability and longevity of pollen from transgenic and non-transgenic tall fescue (Fescue arundinacea) (Poaceae) plants. American Journal of Botany 91: 523–530.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yanovsky, M.J., and S.A. Kay. 2003. Living by the calendar: how plants know when to flower. Nature Reviews, Molecular Cell Biology 4: 265–276. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm1077.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Director, Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute, Aduthurai, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, and the Director, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, for their scientific support. The authors are thankfully acknowledging Dr. S. Priyanka for her support in the pollen viability studies and Dr. Mahadevasamy, Scientist, ICAR-SBI, for his technical support.

Funding

This research did not receive any funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sugarcane Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Melalathur, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Rajaprakasam Sudhagar, Shanmugam Rajkumar, Kandhasamy Ramachandiran & Naaganoor Ananthan Saravanan

Authors
  1. Rajaprakasam Sudhagar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Shanmugam Rajkumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Kandhasamy Ramachandiran
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Naaganoor Ananthan Saravanan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

RS was involved in conceptualization, investigation, methodology, data curation, and writing. SR was involved in the investigation and data curation. KR was involved in data curation and validation. NAS was involved in the investigation and writing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rajaprakasam Sudhagar.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 240 kb)

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sudhagar, R., Rajkumar, S., Ramachandiran, K. et al. Identification of Location-Specific Male and Female Sugarcane Parents and Formulation of Breeding Strategies. Sugar Tech 25, 670–680 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-022-01225-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-022-01225-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation