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Gas exchange variability and water use efficiency of thirty landraces of rice still under cultivation in Kumaun region of the Indian Central Himalaya

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Abstract

Gas exchange characteristics of thirty landraces of rice (Oryza sativa L.) along with an introduced variety VL-206 (recommended high yielding variety for rainfed uplands of the Indian Central Himalaya, ICH), grown in earthen pots and kept in the open at the Institute nursery at Kosi (1150m amsl, 79°38′10″E and 29°38′15″N) were studied. The photosynthetic rate (Pn) and other related parameters were found to vary considerably among landraces. Based on the comparison of Pn of landraces with that of VL-206, these were categorized into two groups: i) high (〉6.0 µmol m−2s−1), and ii) low (<6.0 µmol m−2s−1) Pn groups. Overall the landraces belonging to the high Pn group (Saurajubawan, Syaudhan and Taichin) which had higher stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E), water use efficiency (WUE), mesophyll efficiency (low Ci/gs ratio) and chlorophyll (Chl) content in comparison to landraces in the low Pn group. However, significant differences were not found in the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) between landraces belonging to the high and low Pn groups. Differences among landraces were found with regard to dark respiration; landraces with low Pn respired proportionately more of the carbon fixed than those of high Pn group. Based on the studied gas exchange characteristics Saurajubawan, Syaudhan and Taichin, local landraces of rice, may be identified as potential cultivars with high Pn and WUE.

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Abbreviations

Ca:

atmospheric CO2 concentration

Ci:

intercellular CO2 concentration

Ci/gs:

mesophyll efficiency

Chl:

chlorophyll

E:

transpiration rate

gs:

stomatal conductance

Pn:

net photosynthetic rate

WUE:

water use efficiency

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, 263 643, Uttarakhand, India

    L. M. S. Palni

  2. Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar University, Agra, 282 002, Uttar Pradesh, India

    R. K. Agnihotri

  3. National Center for Natural Product Research, Research School of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Mississippi, MS, 38677, USA

    Suman Chandra

  4. G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Mohal, Kullu, 175 126, Himachal Pradesh, India

    S. C. Joshi

Authors
  1. R. K. Agnihotri
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  2. L. M. S. Palni
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  3. Suman Chandra
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  4. S. C. Joshi
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Correspondence to R. K. Agnihotri.

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Agnihotri, R.K., Palni, L.M.S., Chandra, S. et al. Gas exchange variability and water use efficiency of thirty landraces of rice still under cultivation in Kumaun region of the Indian Central Himalaya. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 15, 303–310 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-009-0034-6

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