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Energy-absorbing porous materials: Bioinspired architecture and fabrication

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Abstract

Energy-absorbing materials are widely used in transportations, sports, and the military applications. Particularly, porous materials, including natural and artificial materials, have attracted tremendous attentions due to their light weight and excellent energy absorption capability. This review summarizes the recent progresses in the natural and artificial energy-absorbing porous materials. First, we review the typical natural porous materials including cuttlebone, bighorn sheep horn, pomelo peel, and sunflower stem pith. The architectures, energy absorption abilities, and mechanisms of these typical natural materials and their bioinspired materials are summarized. Then, we provide a review on the fabrication methods of artificial energy-absorbing porous materials, such as conventional foaming and three-dimensional (3D) printing. Finally, we address the challenges and prospects for the future development of energy-absorbing porous materials. More importantly, our review provides a direct guidance for the design and fabrication of energy-absorbing porous materials required for various engineering applications.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22075244), the Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Chemicals Technology (No. ACTIC-2022-004), the Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering (No. 2021SZ-TD009), the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. LZ22E030001), and the Science and Technology Program of Institute of Zhejiang University- Quzhou (Nos. IZQ2021KJ2001 and IZQ2022KJ3013).

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China

    Junheng Zhao, Meng Li, Jiewei Chen & Hao Bai

  2. Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China

    Weiwei Gao

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Correspondence to Weiwei Gao or Hao Bai.

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Zhao, J., Li, M., Chen, J. et al. Energy-absorbing porous materials: Bioinspired architecture and fabrication. Nano Res. 17, 679–690 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6223-8

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