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Effects of KBrO3 on Chemical, Aggregation and Morphological Structure of Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) Precursor Fibers

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Abstract

The effects of KBrO3 modification on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor fibers at different modification temperatures were studied. The mechanical properties, chemical structure, aggregation structure, morphological structure, and thermal behavior of PAN precursor fibers were analyzed. The mechanical properties of PAN precursor fibers are essentially unaltered after KBrO3 modification, although oxygen-containing functional groups are introduced. KBrO3 can ionize bromate ion in aqueous solution, which has good nucleophilicity and can attack the positively charged carbon atom in C≡N, so that the cyclization proceeds according to the ionic mechanism, allowing the transformation of C≡N to C = N in the PAN precursor fibers generated a cyclic trapezoidal structure containing primary aromatic amine, which reduced the peak temperature of the cyclization reaction from 284.5 °C to 275.1 °C and decreased the heat release. The sp3-hybridized carbon structure changes into a sp2 hybridized C = C structure with increasing aromatization, according to XRD and Raman data, and the KBrO3 alteration accelerates the degradation of the original microcrystalline structure and transforms into a new polycyclic aromatic structure. The degree of conjugation and aromatization of the system rapidly increased with the rise in modification temperature. The stabilized fibers were discovered to have the lowest R-value, the highest aromatization, the smoothest surface, and the fewest flaws at impregnation temperature of 60 °C.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, [Yong Liu], upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Jiangsu provincial key research and development program (BE2021014-4), and the project of 14000t/a High-performance carbon fiber and carbon fiber precursors of Zhongfu Shenying Carbon Fiber (**ning) Co., Ltd. (2021-1635-01).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People’s Republic of China

    Yatian Chen, Bin He, Qiufei Chen, Hamza Malik, Hongqiang Zhu, Yuhang Wang, Jian He, Hui Zhang & Yong Liu

  2. The Key Laboratory of High-Performance Fiber and Product, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China

    Hui Zhang & Yong Liu

  3. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lightweight Composite, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People’s Republic of China

    Hui Zhang & Yong Liu

  4. Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People’s Republic of China

    Bomou Ma & Xueli Wang

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  1. Yatian Chen
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Chen, Y., He, B., Chen, Q. et al. Effects of KBrO3 on Chemical, Aggregation and Morphological Structure of Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) Precursor Fibers. Fibers Polym 24, 3007–3017 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-023-00280-y

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