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Efficacies of Anaerobic Microbial Consortium for Starchy Lignocellulose Hydrolysis and Acidogenic Fermentation of Cassava Pulp

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Abstract

Cassava pulp (CP) is a starchy lignocellulose waste with starch granules entrapped within the cell wall. The enriched hydrolytic and acidogenic bacterial consortium (EHA) was established to break down the lignocellulosic structure and free starch granules during CP conversion into volatile fatty acids (VFAs). Consecutive batch subcultures were used to acclimatize the anaerobic lignocellulolytic microbial consortium for the anaerobic digestion of CP. Hydrolytic and acidogenic microorganisms in the anaerobic lignocellulolytic microbial consortium were then enriched by inhibiting methanogenic activity until a stable consortium, namely EHA4, was obtained. The performance of EHA4 in CP utilization was investigated based on different operating conditions, including CP concentration, inoculum-to-substrate ratio, and pH adjustment. The alpha diversity revealed that the acclimatization and enrichment decreased the consortium’s species richness, creating a solid community specializing in CP hydrolysis and acidification. EHA4 consortium used 100% of CP added within 4 days while producing high-yield VFAs dominated by butyrate and acetate. Clostridium was the dominant bacteria related to hydrolysis and acidification of CP found in EHA4 (41% relative abundance). The performance of EHA4 to degrade higher CP concentration showed a decrease in CP removal due to total VFAs inhibition while maintaining the pH recovered the CP utilization up to 4%. EHA4 is a potential microbial consortium for starchy lignocellulosic CP hydrolysis and acidification as the inoculum starter in biogas production in the future.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Petchra Pra Jom Klao Ph.D. Research Scholarship (KMUTT-NSTDA) from King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi and the National Science and Technology Development Agency for the financial support to Ms. Alifia Issabella Mulyawati and ECoWaste Laboratory for the laboratory facility.

Funding

This present research was financially supported by Petchra Pra Jom Klao Ph.D. Research Scholarship (KMUTT-NSTDA) from King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi and National Science and Technology Development Agency (No. of agreement 3/2562). Research funding was also supported by Thailand Science Research and Innovation (TSRI), Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research, and Innovation (MHESI) for Basic Research Fund (Fundamental Fund, FF 2566).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand

    Alifia Issabella Mulyawati & Pawinee Chaiprasert

  2. Excellent Center of Waste Utilization and Management, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Bangkok, Thailand

    Benjaphon Suraraksa

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Conceptualization, laboratory experiment, data curation, visualization, writing—original draft: Alifia Issabella Mulyawati; Conceptualization, validation, co-supervision, writing—review: Benjaphon Suraraksa; Conceptualization, methodology, validation, research supervision, resources, writing-review, and editing: Pawinee Chaiprasert.

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Correspondence to Pawinee Chaiprasert.

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Mulyawati, A.I., Suraraksa, B. & Chaiprasert, P. Efficacies of Anaerobic Microbial Consortium for Starchy Lignocellulose Hydrolysis and Acidogenic Fermentation of Cassava Pulp. Bioenerg. Res. 16, 2314–2330 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-023-10590-x

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