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Akkermania muciniphila: a rising star in tumor immunology

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Abstract

Tumor is accompanied by complex and dynamic microenvironment development, and the interaction of all its components influences disease progression and response to treatment. Once the tumor microenvironment has been eradicated, various mechanisms can induce the tumors. Microorganisms can maintain the homeostasis of the tumor microenvironment through immune regulation, thereby inhibiting tumor development. Akkermania muciniphila (A. muciniphila), an anaerobic bacterium, can induce tumor immunity, regulate the gastrointestinal microenvironment through metabolites, outer membrane proteins, and some cytokines, and enhance the curative effect through combined immunization. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the complex interaction between A. muciniphila and human immunity will facilitate the development of immunotherapeutic strategies in the future and enable patients to obtain a more stable clinical response. This article reviews the most recent developments in the tumor immunity of A. muciniphila.

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Abbreviations

A. muciniphila :

Akkermania muciniphila

AmEVs:

A. muciniphila-Derived EVs

CDDP:

Cisplatin

CAR:

Chimeric antigen receptor

CAR-T immunotherapy:

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy

CE:

Cranberry extract

CRC:

Colorectal Cancer

CTLs:

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes

CXCR6:

CXC–chemokine receptor 6

CXCL16:

CXC–chemokine ligand 16

CTLA-4:

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4

DCs:

Dendritic cells

FAS:

Factor-associated suicide

FMT:

Fecal microbiota transplantation

GPCR41:

G protein-coupled receptors 41

GPCR43:

G protein-coupled receptors 43

GPCR109A:

G protein-coupled receptors 109A

GLP-1:

Glucagon-like peptide-1

H3K14ac:

Lys14 on histone H3

HSP70:

Heat shock protein 70

HDAc:

Histone deacetylation

HCC:

Hepatocellular carcinoma

IgA:

Immunoglobulin A

IgG1:

Immunoglobulin G1

IL-1β:

Interleukin 1β

IL-2:

Interleukin 2

IL-6:

Interleukin 6

IL-8:

Interleukin 8

IL-10:

Interleukin 10

IL-12:

Interleukin 12

IL-18:

Interleukin 18

IFN-γ:

Interferon gamma

ICIs:

Immune checkpoint inhibitors

LAG-3:

Lymphocyte activating gene 3

M1-Like TAMs:

M1-like macrophages

Muc3:

Mucin3

Muc2:

Mucin2

MDSCs:

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells

MHC:

Major histocompatibility complex molecules

NO:

Nitric oxide

NLRP3:

Thermal protein domain associated protein 3

NAFLD:

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

NASH:

Non-alcoholic hepatitis

PYY:

Peptide YY

p53:

Protein 53

PPARγ:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma

PBMCs:

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells

PD-1:

Programmed death receptor 1

PD-L1:

Programmed death ligand 1

SERT:

Serotonin reuptake transporter

SCFAs:

Short-chain fatty acids

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-α

Treg cells:

Regulatory T cells

TLR2:

Toll-like receptor 2

Th1:

T helper 1

TGF-β:

Transforming growth factor-β

TME:

Tumor Microenvironment

TFH cells:

T follicular helper cells

TJPs:

Tight junction proteins

TRAIL:

Tumor-necrosis-factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand

ZO-1:

Zonula Occludens-1

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Acknowledgements

The figures were created by BioRender (Biorender.Com).

We thank Home for Researchers editorial team (www.home-for-researchers.com) for language editing service.

Funding

This work was supported by grants from the Graduate Research-Innovation Project in Jiangsu province (SJCX22_1816), the Graduate Research and Practice Innovation Plan of Graduate Education Innovation Project in Jiangsu Province (No. SJCX211644), Social development project of key R & D plan of Jiangsu Provincial Department of science and technology (BE2022773), and Hospital level management project of Subei People's Hospital YYGL202228, the Social Development-Health Care Project of Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province (No. YZ2021075).

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  1. Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China

    Leihan Wang

  2. Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People’s Republic of China

    Dong Tang

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  1. Leihan Wang
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All authors made a significant contribution to the work reported, whether that is in the conception, study design, execution, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation, or in all these areas; took part in drafting, revising or critically reviewing the article; gave final approval of the version to be published; have agreed on the journal to which the article has been submitted; and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work. The work reported in the paper has been performed by the authors, unless clearly specified in the text.

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Wang, L., Tang, D. Akkermania muciniphila: a rising star in tumor immunology. Clin Transl Oncol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-024-03493-6

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