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Construction of a Lactobacillus plantarum Strain Expressing the Capsid Protein of Porcine Circovirus Type 2d (PCV2d) as an Oral Vaccine

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Abstract

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is a pathogenic virus that causes high rates of porcine death, resulting in severe economic losses to the swine industry. In recent years, the prevalence of PCV2d genotype infection in pigs has increased, but most commercially available vaccines were developed against the PCV2a strain and do not ensure complete protection from PCV2d. Here, we first constructed an expression vector for the antigenic ORF2-encoded capsid protein of PCV2d (pLp3050-His6-tag-capsid). We then utilized Lactobacillus plantarum to express the protein at mucosal sites in orally vaccinated mice. After transducing L. plantarum with pLp3050-His6-tag-capsid, the expressed protein could be found in cell wall and cell-free supernatant fractions by Western blotting. Using flow cytometry, we found that L. plantarum cells with surface-displayed capsid protein increased with time after SppIP induction. Finally, mice that were orally immunized 18 times with capsid-expressing L. plantarum showed increased levels of capsid-specific sIgA and virus neutralizing activity at mucosal sites, suggesting mucosal immunity had been stimulated by the vaccine. Overall, our findings demonstrate the feasibility and utility of a PCV2d-based vaccine, which may be of great value in porcine agriculture.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Geir Mathiesen (Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Akershus, Norway) for kindly providing pLp3050 plasmid. This study was supported by the fund from the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST 106-2320-B-002-041).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1. Section 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, ROC

    Yi-Han Tseng & Shu-Chen Hsieh

  2. Biologics Division, Animal Health Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, New Taipei City, 25158, Taiwan, ROC

    Cheng-Chu Hsieh

  3. Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan City, 26047, Taiwan, ROC

    Tsun-Yung Kuo

  4. Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1. Section 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, ROC

    Je-Ruei Liu

  5. Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, ROC

    Ting-Yu Hsu

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This animal experiment was approved by the by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the National Taiwan University (NTU-IACUC/protocol 125/2013). All procedures performed in studies involving animals were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institution or practice at which the study was conducted.

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Tseng, YH., Hsieh, CC., Kuo, TY. et al. Construction of a Lactobacillus plantarum Strain Expressing the Capsid Protein of Porcine Circovirus Type 2d (PCV2d) as an Oral Vaccine. Indian J Microbiol 59, 490–499 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-019-00827-9

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