Abstract
Optical follow-up observations of optical afterglows of gamma-ray bursts are crucial to probe the geometry of outflows, emission mechanisms, energetics and burst environments. We performed the follow-up observations of GRB 210205A and ZTF21aaeyldq (AT2021any) using the 3.6m Devasthal optical telescope (DOT) around one day after the burst to deeper limits due to the longitudinal advantage of the place. This paper presents our analysis of the two objects using data from other collaborative facilities, i.e., 2.2m Calar Alto Astronomical Observatory (CAHA) and other archival data. Our analysis suggests that GRB 210205A is a potential dark burst once compared with the X-ray afterglow data. Also, comparing results with other known and well-studied dark GRBs samples indicate that the reason for the optical darkness of GRB 210205A could either be intrinsic faintness or a high redshift event. Based on our analysis, we also found that ZTF21aaeyldq is the third known orphan afterglow with a measured redshift except for ZTF20aajnksq (AT2020blt) and ZTF19abvizsw (AT2019pim). The multiwavelength afterglow modeling of ZTF21aaeyldq using the afterglowpy package demands a forward shock model for an ISM-like ambient medium with a rather wider jet opening angle. We determine circumburst density of \(n_{0} = 0.87\) cm\(^{-3}\), kinetic energy \(E_{k} = 3.80 \times 10^{52}\) erg and the afterglow modeling also indicates that ZTF21aaeyldq is observed on-axis (\(\theta _{\mathrm{obs}} < \theta _{\mathrm{core}}\)) and a gamma-ray counterpart was missed by GRBs satellites. Our results emphasize that the 3.6m DOT has a unique capability for deep follow-up observations of similar and other new transients for deeper observations as a part of time-domain astronomy in the future.
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Notes
\(\Gamma _{0} \approx 182 \times E_{\gamma , \mathrm{iso}, 52}^{0.25}\).
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank the anonymous referee for providing positive and constructive comments to improve the manuscript. RG, SBP, and KM acknowledge BRICS grant DST/IMRCD/BRICS/PilotCall1/ProFCheap/2017(G) for the financial support. AA acknowledges funds and assistance provided by the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), India with file no. 09/948(0003)/2020-EMR-I. This research is based on observations obtained at the 3.6m Devasthal Optical Telescope (DOT) during observing cycles DOT-2021-C1 and DOT-2020-C2, which is a National Facility run and managed by Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), an autonomous Institute under the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. Based on observations collected at Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (CAHA) at Calar Alto, operated jointly by Junta de Andalucía and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IAA-CSIC). This research has made use of data obtained from the High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) and the Leicester Database and Archive Service (LEDAS), provided by NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center and the Department of Physics and Astronomy, Leicester University, UK, respectively.
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This article is part of the Special Issue on “Astrophysical Jets and Observational Facilities: A National Perspective”.
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Gupta, R., Kumar, A., Pandey, S.B. et al. Revealing nature of GRB 210205A, ZTF21aaeyldq (AT2021any) and follow-up observations with the 4K\(\times\)4K CCD imager + 3.6m DOT. J Astrophys Astron 43, 11 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-021-09794-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-021-09794-4