Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the impact of centrifugal block cryoconcentration (CBCC) at three cycles on physicochemical parameters, total bioactive compounds (TBC), individual phenolic content (IPC), and antioxidant activity (AA) applied to fresh blueberry juice. Additionally, the recovery of cryoconcentrate solution from the ice fractions was evaluated. The total soluble solids (TSS), TBC, IPC, and AA of the cryoconcentrate and ice fractions showed a significant increase in the last cycle, and these results were over 3.3, 2.7, 3.2, and 1.8 times higher than the fresh juice, respectively. However, a high cryoconcentrate occlusion within the ice crystals was observed in the second and third cycles, in which the average partition coefficient was between 0.4 and 0.6, respectively. Thus, the recovered cryoconcentrates from the ice fractions exhibited values of approximately 34 °Brix, 1700 mg GAE/100 g d.m., 770 mg CEQ/100 g d.m., and 210 mg C3G/100 g d.m., 3200, and 4800 μmol TE/100 g d.m. for TSS, total polyphenol, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), respectively. Therefore, the recycling of the ice fraction to recover cryoconcentrated solution is an interesting alternative to improve process parameters in CBCC, and in addition, this allows obtaining a cryoconcentrate rich in physicochemical properties, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity, and thus, it could be incorporated into the cryoconcentrated stock solution.
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Acknowledgments
Nidia Casas–Forero would like to thank the Vice-Chancellery for Research and Graduate at Universidad del Bío-Bío for the scholarship granted to complete her doctoral studies.
Funding
This study was supported by Universidad del Bío-Bío and ANID-Chile (Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo de Chile) through the FONDECYT Postdoctoral Grant 2019 (Folio 3190420).
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Casas-Forero, N., Orellana-Palma, P. & Petzold, G. Recovery of Solutes from Ice and Concentrated Fractions in Centrifugal Block Cryoconcentration Applied to Blueberry Juice. Food Bioprocess Technol 14, 1155–1168 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-021-02626-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-021-02626-x