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Analysis of 3D anisotropic characteristics for E-Ex wide-field electromagnetic method

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Abstract

The anisotropy of subsurface media makes it complex to process and interpret electromagnetic survey data, particularly in areas of sedimentary rock with obvious bedding. Therefore, for the wide-field electromagnetic approach, anisotropic properties of anomalous substances are crucial. In this study, an arbitrary conductivity anisotropic model is created by rotating the conductivity tensor in the major axis direction. An arbitrary conductivity anisotropic model is created by the rotation of the conductivity tensor in the principal axis direction. The unstructured finite element approach, which is based on the electric field vector, is used to accomplish the 3D wide-field electromagnetic forward modeling. A model reduction technique based on Krylov subspace projection is used to address large sparse equations, which greatly enhances the calculation speed of multiple-frequency electromagnetic finite element modeling. The method’s accuracy is confirmed by the fact that the greatest error is less than 3% when compared to the analytical solution for stratified strata. The apparent resistivity and phase of the 3D wide-field electromagnetic simulation for anisotropic layered material are consistent with those of other authors, demonstrating the accuracy of our finite element codes for the 3D anisotropic wide-field electromagnetic approach. Subsequently, the electric field and the wide-field apparent resistivity plane distribution characteristics of the vertical and horizontal anisotropic anomalous body are examined. The findings show that the anisotropic quality of the target body would modify the apparent resistivity in an anisotropic medium, which should be carefully taken into account when interpreting survey data.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful for the financial support provided 10 by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42174168), the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2017YFC0602202), Shaanxi Natural Science Foundation (2021JM-159), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, CHD (300102262201).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’an University, **’an, Shaanxi, 710054, China

    Ji-Feng Zhang, Bing Feng & Fu-**ang Zhang

  2. National Engineering Research Center of Offshore Oil and Gas Exploration, No. 6 Courtyard, Taiyanggong South Street, Chaoyang District, Bei**g, 100028, China

    Ji-Feng Zhang, Bing Feng & Fu-**ang Zhang

  3. Integrated Geophysical Simulation Lab of Chang’an University (Key Laboratory of Chinese Geophysical Society), **’an, 710054, China

    Ji-Feng Zhang, Bing Feng & Fu-**ang Zhang

  4. School of Geosciences and Info-Physics of Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

    Ji-Ren Liu

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  1. Ji-Feng Zhang
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  4. Fu-**ang Zhang
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Correspondence to Ji-Ren Liu.

Additional information

Zhang Ji-Feng, Associate professor, graduated from Central South University with a Ph.D. in earth exploration and information technology. He is currently engaged in teaching and researching electromagnetic theory and application in the School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics at Chang’an University. His main interests are electromagnetic modeling and inversion in geophysics.

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Zhang, JF., Liu, JR., Feng, B. et al. Analysis of 3D anisotropic characteristics for E-Ex wide-field electromagnetic method. Appl. Geophys. (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11770-022-0984-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11770-022-0984-9

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