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Sleeve Gastrectomy Ameliorates Diabetes-Related Spleen Damage by Improving Oxidative Stress Status in Diabetic Obese Rats

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Abstract

Purpose

Oxidative stress and inflammation are important pathogenic mediators in diabetes-related organ damage. Accumulating evidence suggests that immunodeficiency in diabetes is associated with diabetes-induced spleen damage. Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has been proved to improve diabetes and its multiple associated complications. However, the ameliorative role of SG against spleen damage in diabetes has not been investigated.

Materials and Methods

Animal model of diabetic obese rats induced by high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) was treated with sham operation, caloric restriction, and SG. Metabolic parameters were measured, and the morphological and histopathological changes, status of oxidative stress, and levels of inflammatory factors were evaluated.

Results

SG reduced body weight and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in diabetic obese rats. SG significantly reversed splenic atrophy and alleviated abnormalities of white and red pulp. Additionally, SG also reversed the increased splenocyte apoptosis (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, indicators of oxidative stress including reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonylation were reduced, and the activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes including SOD and CAT were improved after SG. The mRNA expression of inflammatory factors in SG groups such as TNF-α (P < 0.001), IL-6 (P < 0.001), MCP-1 (P < 0.01), and ICAM-1 (P < 0.001) was also significantly reduced.

Conclusion

SG ameliorates diabetes-related splenic injury by restoring the balance between oxidative stress process and antioxidant defense systems as well as reducing inflammation in the spleen. These findings indicate that SG is an appropriate therapeutic strategy for diabetes-related spleen damage.

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Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant No.81370496 and 81873647) and the Youth Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81600059).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Minggang Wang and Yacheng **ong contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, 16766#, **gshi Road, **an, Shandong Province, 250014, People’s Republic of China

    Minggang Wang, Yacheng **ong, Rexiati Ruze, Qian Xu & Guangyong Zhang

  2. Shandong Medical College, Jucai 6# Road, Linyi, Shandong Province, 276000, People’s Republic of China

    Wei Zhu

  3. Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, **an, Shandong Province, 250012, People’s Republic of China

    Zhibo Yan, Jiankang Zhu, Mingwei Zhong, Yugang Cheng & Sanyuan Hu

Authors
  1. Minggang Wang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Guangyong Zhang.

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All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All applicable institutional and/or national guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

Informed Consent Statement

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Dataset

Research data of the current study is available at **ong, Yacheng (2020), “Sleeve Gastrectomy Ameliorates Diabetes-related Spleen Damage by Improving Oxidative Stress Status in Diabetic Obese Rats”, Mendeley Data, v3. https://doi.org/10.17632/c8c52sxh8h.3

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Wang, M., **ong, Y., Zhu, W. et al. Sleeve Gastrectomy Ameliorates Diabetes-Related Spleen Damage by Improving Oxidative Stress Status in Diabetic Obese Rats. OBES SURG 31, 1183–1195 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-020-05073-3

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