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Adiponectin Downregulates Hyperglycemia and Reduces Pancreatic Islet Apoptosis After Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery

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Abstract

Background

The resolution of type 2 diabetes mellitus is an additional outcome of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery. The general objective was to explore whether RYGB could reduce beta cells apoptosis and what roles adiponectin played in downregulating hyperglycemia after RYGB.

Methods

Twenty Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats were allocated in RYGB group (ten) and GK group (ten), and ten Wistar (WS) rats were allocated in WS group. RYGB was performed in RYGB group and sham operation in the GK and WS groups. Fasting plasma glucose, body weight, food intake per 100 g body weight, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), C peptide, and adiponectin were measured pre- and postoperatively. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase 2′-deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate nick end-labeling and transmission electron microscopy were performed to detect apoptosis of pancreatic beta cells. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance, Student t test, and post hoc comparisons (Tukey’s test).

Results

Animals in WS group had significant higher postprandial insulin, C peptide, and adiponectin concentrations compared to RYGB and GK groups preoperatively. Body weight and food intake in RYGB group significantly decreased compared to WS and GK groups postoperatively. Postprandial insulin, C peptide, and adiponectin concentrations significantly increased, while fasting plasma glucose and HOMA-IR values decreased in RYGB group compared to GK group postoperatively. More apoptotic beta cells were detected in GK group than RYGB and WS groups postoperatively.

Conclusions

RYGB could increase postprandial insulin and reduce pancreatic islet apoptosis. Adiponectin played a key role in regulating plasma glucose and reducing pancreatic islet apoptosis after RYGB.

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Acknowledgment

The authors would like to thank all participants for their cooperation and particularly Dr. Yu Yun for designing and revising the papers. This study was supported by Foundation from National Natural Science Foundation of China (81000158), Natural Science Foundation of LiaoNing Province (20092128), and Educational Foundation of LiaoNing Province (2009a717).

Potential Conflicts of Interest

None.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of General Surgery, China Medical University affiliated Sheng**g Hospital, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, China

    Fang Chai, Yong Wang, Yong Zhou, Yuan Liu, Donghua Geng & **gang Liu

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  1. Fang Chai
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  2. Yong Wang
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  3. Yong Zhou
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  4. Yuan Liu
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  5. Donghua Geng
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  6. **gang Liu
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Correspondence to **gang Liu.

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Chai, F., Wang, Y., Zhou, Y. et al. Adiponectin Downregulates Hyperglycemia and Reduces Pancreatic Islet Apoptosis After Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery. OBES SURG 21, 768–773 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-011-0357-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-011-0357-6

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