Abstract
Phase relations in Ti-Cu-Pt ternary system have been studied through diffusion- triple technique combined with alloy sampling. Assisted with Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques, isothermal sections at 1073 and 973 K of this ternary system were constructed, which consist of 16 three-phased regions at 1073 and 973 K, where two ternary phases, respectively formulated as Ti(Cu,Pt)2 and Ti(Cu,Pt)3, were detected to exist stably at 1073 and 973 K. By the way, the 2 binary compounds, Ti3Pt5 and TiPt3− were found to be stable at 1073 and 973 K.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11669-017-0573-4/MediaObjects/11669_2017_573_Fig1_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11669-017-0573-4/MediaObjects/11669_2017_573_Fig2_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11669-017-0573-4/MediaObjects/11669_2017_573_Fig3_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11669-017-0573-4/MediaObjects/11669_2017_573_Fig4_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11669-017-0573-4/MediaObjects/11669_2017_573_Fig5_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11669-017-0573-4/MediaObjects/11669_2017_573_Fig6_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11669-017-0573-4/MediaObjects/11669_2017_573_Fig7_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11669-017-0573-4/MediaObjects/11669_2017_573_Fig8_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11669-017-0573-4/MediaObjects/11669_2017_573_Fig9_HTML.gif)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S.L. Zhu, X.M. Wang, and A. Inoue, Glass-Forming Ability and Mechanical Properties of Ti-based Bulk Glassy Alloys with Large Diameters of up to 1cm, Intermetallics, 2008, 16, p 1031–1035
Y.L. Wang and J. Xu, Ti(Zr)-Cu-Ni Bulk Metallic Glasses with Optimal Glass-Forming Ability and their Compressive Properties, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2008, 39, p 2990–2997
N. Zhang, C.J. Byrne, D.J. Browne, and M.D. Gilchrist, Towards Nano-Injection Molding, Mater. Today, 2012, 15, p 216–221
C.J. Chen, S.L. Zhu, X.J. Yang, L.L. Pi, and Z.D. Cui, Electro-Oxidation of Ethylene Glycol on Nanoporous Ti-Cu Amorphous Alloy, Electrochim. Acta, 2011, 56, p 10253–10258
L.Y. Chen, T. Fujita, Y. Ding, and M.W. Chen, A Three-Dimensional Gold-Decorated Nanoporous Copper Core-Shell Composite for Electrocatalysis and Nonenzymatic Biosensing, Adv. Funct. Mater., 2010, 20, p 2279–2285
S.L. Zhu, J.L. He, X.J. Yang, Z.D. Cui, and L.L. Pi, Ti Oxide Nano-Porous Surface Structure Prepared by Dealloying of Ti-Cu Amorphous Alloy, Electrochem. Commun., 2011, 13, p 250–253
X.G. Wang, W.M. Wang, Z. Qi, C.C. Zhao, H. Ji, and Z.H. Zhang, Electrochemical Catalytic Activities of Nanoporous Palladium Rods for Methanol Electro-oxidation, J. Power Sources, 2010, 195, p 6740–6747
M. Abdelaal and R. Mohamed, Novel Pd/TiO2 Nanocomposite Prepared by Modified Sol-gel Method for Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Elue Dye Under Visible Light Irradiation, J. Alloys Compd., 2013, 576, p 201–207
W. Xu, S. Zhu, Z. Li, Z. Cui, and X. Yang, Synthesis and Catalytic Properties of Pd Nanoparticles Loaded Nanoporous TiO2 Material, Electrochim. Acta, 2013, 114, p 35–41
J. Jiang, S. Zhu, W. Xu, Z. Cui, and X. Yang, Synthesis and Photocatlytic Performance of Nano-Sized TiO2 Materials Prepared by Dealloying Ti-Cu-Pd Amorphous Alloys, Mater. Res. Bull., 2015, 65, p 302–306
Q. Li, D. Sun, and H. Kim, Fabrication of Porous TiO2 Nanofiber and its Photocatalytic Activity, Mater. Res. Bull., 2011, 46, p 2094–2099
T. Abe, B. Sundman, and H. Onodera, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Cu-Pt System, J. Phase Equilib. and Diffus., 2006, 27, p 5–13
J.L. Murray, Phase Diagrams of Binary Titanium Alloys, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1987, p 80
T. Yamane, S. Nakajima, H. Araki, Y. Minamino, S. Saji, J. Takahashi, and Y. Miyamoto, Partial Phase Diagrams of the Titanium-Rich Region of the Ti-Cu System Under High Pressure, J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 1994, 13, p 162–164
P. Canale and C. Servant, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Cu-Ti System Taking into Account the New Stable Phase CuTi3, Z. Metallkd., 2002, 93, p 273–276
J. Wang, C.L. Liu, C. Leinenbach, U.E. Klotz, and P.J. Uggowitzer, Experimental Investigation and Thermodynamic Assessment of the Cu-Sn-Ti Ternary System, Calphad, 2011, 35, p 82–94
H. Nishimura and T. Hiramatsu, Nippon Kinzoku Gakkaishi, 1957, 21, p 469–473
J.L. Murray, The Pt-Ti (Platinum-Titanium) System, Bull Alloy Phase Diagr., 1982, 3, p 329–335
T. Biggs, L.A. Cornish, M.J. Witcomb, and M.B. Cortie, Revised Phase Diagram for the Pt-Ti System from 30 to 60 at.% Platinum, J. Alloys Compd., 2004, 375, p 120–127
Y. Zhong, Y. Sun, H.S. Liu, G.M. Cai, and Z.P. **, Experimental Investigation of Phase Equilibria in Ti-Ni-Pt System, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2017 (accepted)
L. Tretyachenko, MSIT Ternary Evaluation Program, MSI, Stuttgart, 2003
P. Villars and L.D. Calvert, Pearson’s Handbook of Crystallographic Data for Intermetallic Phases, ASM International, Materials Park, USA, 1991
I.R. Harris, M. Norman, and A.W. Bryant, A Study of Some Palladium-Indium, Platinum-Indium and Patinum-Tin Alloys, J. Less-Comm. Met., 1968, 16, p 427–440
F.J.J. van Loo, G.F. Bastin, and A.J.H. Leenen, Phase Relations in the Ternary Ti-Ni-Cu System at 800 and 870°C, J. Less-Common Met., 1978, 57, p 111–121
E.C. Vanreuth and R.M. Waterstrat, Atomic Ordering in Binary Al5-Type Phases, Acta Crystallogr., 1968, 24, p 186–196
H.C. Donkersloot and J.H.N. Van Vucht, Martensitic Transformations in Gold-Titanium, Palladium-Titanium and Platinum-Titanium Alloys Near the Equiatomic Composition, J. Less-Comm. Met., 1970, 20, p 83–91
K. Schubert, A. Raman, and W. Rossteutscher, Structural Data of Some Metallic Phases, Naturwissenschaften, 1964, 51, p 506–507
P. Krautwasser, S. Bhan, and K. Schubert, Structural Investigations in Systems Ti-Pd and Ti-Pt, Z. Metallkd., 1968, 59, p 724–729
A.K. Sinha, Close-Packed Ordered AB3 Structures in Binary Transition Metal Alloys, Metall. Trans. A, 1969, 245, p 237–240
M.K. Jeon and P.J. McGinn, Effect of Ti Addition to Pt/C Catalyst on Methanol Electro-oxidation and Oxygen Electro-reduction Reactions, J. Power Sources, 2010, 195, p 2664–2668
P. Pietrokowsky, Novel Ordered Phase, Pt8Ti, Nature, 1965, 206, p 291
Z.P. **, A Study of the Range of Stability of Sigma Phase in Some Ternary Systems, Scand. J. Metall., 1981, 10, p 279–-287
H.S. Liu, Y.M. Wang, L.G. Zhang, Q. Chen, F. Zheng, and Z.P. **, Determination of Phase Relations in the Co-Cu-Ti System by the Diffusion Triple Technique, J. Mater. Res., 2006, 21, p 2493–2503
Acknowledgments
This work was financial supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51171210), the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (Grant No. 2014CB6644002) and the Project of Innovation-driven Plan in Central South University (No. 2015CX004).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhong, Y., Liu, H.S., Cai, G.M. et al. Experimental Study on Phase Equilibria in Ti-Cu-Pt System. J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 38, 466–476 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-017-0573-4
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-017-0573-4