Abstract
The plasma-sprayed 8YSZ coating with a texture density of about 25% was prepared by laser processing technology. Perfluoropolyether (PFPE) grease was dispersed into epoxy resin, mixed uniformly and coated onto the non-textured and textured surfaces of 8YSZ coating respectively, making it penetrated into the textured dimples or the inherent pores of the 8YSZ-based ceramic coating by vacuum impregnation. The friction and wear characteristics of the composite coatings under dry friction are investigated by a ball-disc tribometer. The morphology and composition of the wear scars before and after rubbing against Al2O3 ceramic ball were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that the microstructure of ceramic coating with PFPE-Epoxy mixed grease is very compact, and its tribological performances is obviously better than that of the as-sprayed 8YSZ coating. The low friction and long wear life of the composite coating are mainly attributed to the formation of PFPE lubrication layer. The 8YSZ coating treated with texture presents superior tribological properties than that of 8YSZ coating without texture where micro-dimples act as micro-bearings, lubricant and debris reservoirs.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11665-023-08073-3/MediaObjects/11665_2023_8073_Fig1_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11665-023-08073-3/MediaObjects/11665_2023_8073_Fig2_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11665-023-08073-3/MediaObjects/11665_2023_8073_Fig3_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11665-023-08073-3/MediaObjects/11665_2023_8073_Fig4_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11665-023-08073-3/MediaObjects/11665_2023_8073_Fig5_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11665-023-08073-3/MediaObjects/11665_2023_8073_Fig6_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11665-023-08073-3/MediaObjects/11665_2023_8073_Fig7_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11665-023-08073-3/MediaObjects/11665_2023_8073_Fig8_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11665-023-08073-3/MediaObjects/11665_2023_8073_Fig9_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11665-023-08073-3/MediaObjects/11665_2023_8073_Fig10_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11665-023-08073-3/MediaObjects/11665_2023_8073_Fig11_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11665-023-08073-3/MediaObjects/11665_2023_8073_Fig12_HTML.png)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
D. Mei, B. Lin, T.Y. Sui, A.Y. Wang, S. Yan, and Q. Yang, The Excellent Anti-Wear and Friction Reduction Properties of Silica Nanoparticles as Ceramic Water Lubrication Additives, Ceram. Int., 2018, 44(12), p 14901–14906.
D.Y. Zhang, Z.W. Li, L.P. Wang, L.F. Kong, and Q.D. Wang, Study on Tribological Properties of Boronized and Textured Composite Surface and Its Application on Camshaft Connecting-Rod Type Hydraulic Motor, Wear, 2021, 482–483, p 203964.
S.M. Hashemi, N. Parvin, Z. Valefi, and M. Alishahi, Comparative Study on Tribological and Corrosion Protection Properties of Plasma Sprayed Cr2O3-YSZ-SiC Ceramic Coatings, Ceram. Int., 2019, 45(17), p 21108–21119.
X.Y. Wang, X.D. Sui, S.T. Zhang, M.M. Yan, J. Yang, J.Y. Hao, and W.M. Liu, Effect of Deposition Pressures on Uniformity, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Thick DLC Coatings Inside of a Long Pipe Prepared by PECVD Method, Surf. Coat. Tech., 2019, 375, p 150–157.
Y.W. Xue, X.L. Shi, H.Y. Zhou, Z.Y. Yang, J. Zhang, C.H. Wu, and B. Xue, Effects of Textured Surface Combined with Sn-Ag-Cu Coating on Tribological Properties and Friction-Induced Noise of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy, Tribol. T, 2021, 64, p 562–577.
N. **ang, R.G. Song, P. Xu, C. Wang, J.J. Zhuang, and X.H. Zheng, Characterisation of Micrometred and Nanostructured Atmospheric Plasma Sprayed Zirconia-8%yttria Thermal Barrier Coatings, Mater. Sci. Tech-Lond., 2016, 32, p 593–601.
X.Z. Gan, Z.C. Yu, K.K. Yuan, C.G. Xu, G.G. Zhang, X.Q. Wang, L.Y. Zhu, and D. Xu, Effects of Cerium Addition on the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Thermal Conductivity of YSZ Fibers, Ceram. Int., 2018, 44(6), p 7077–7083.
M. Mutter, G. Mauer, R. Mücke, O. Guillon, and R. Vaßen, Correlation of Splat Morphologies with Porosity and Residual Stress in Plasma-Sprayed YSZ Coatings, Surf. Coat. Tech., 2017, 318, p 157–169.
B. Aktas and H. Tekin, Effects of Co3O4 Addition on Friction and Dry Sliding Wear Characteristics of 8 mol.% Yttria-Stabilized Cubic Zirconia, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2019, 28, p 549–556.
X.Q. Zhao, S.J. Li, G.L. Hou, Y.L. An, H.D. Zhou, and J.M. Chen, Influence of Do** Graphite on Microstructure and Tribological Properties of Plasma Sprayed 3Al2O3-2SiO2 Coating, Tribol. Int., 2016, 101, p 168–177.
W. Deng, X.Q. Zhao, Y.L. An, J.M. Chen, and H.D. Zhou, Study on Preparation and Tribological Properties of as-Sprayed 8YSZ/Graphite Coating, Surf. Eng., 2020, 36, p 1097–1106.
S. Yuan, N.M. Lin, J.J. Zou, Z.Q. Liu, Z.X. Wang, L.H. Tian, L. Qin, H.X. Zhang, Z.H. Wang, B. Tang, and Y.C. Wu, Effect of Laser Surface Texturing (LST) on Tribological Behavior of Double Glow Plasma Surface Zirconizing Coating on Ti6Al4V Alloy, Surf. Coat. Tech., 2019, 368, p 97–109.
A. Ronen, I. Etsion, and Y. Kligerman, Friction-Reducing Surface-Texturing in Reciprocating Automotive Components, Tribol. T, 2001, 44(3), p 359–366.
G. Ryk, Y. Kligerman, and I. Etsion, Experimental Investigation of Laser Surface Texturing for Reciprocating Automotive Components, Tribol. T, 2002, 45(4), p 444–449.
A. Kovalchenko, O. Ajayi, A. Erdemir, G. Fenske, and I. Etsion, The Effect of Laser Surface Texturing on Transitions in Lubrication Regimes During Unidirectional Sliding Contact, Tribol. Int., 2005, 38, p 219–225.
M. Sedlaček, B. Podgornik, A. Ramalho, and D. Česnik, Influence of Geometry and the Sequence of Surface Texturing Process on Tribological Properties, Tribol. Int., 2017, 115, p 268–273.
S.C. Vlădescu, S. Medina, A.V. Olver, G.P. Ian, and T. Reddyhoff, Lubricant Film Thickness and Friction Force Measurements in a Laser Surface Textured Reciprocating Line Contact Simulating the Piston Ring-Liner Pairing, Tribol. Int., 2016, 98, p 317–329.
J. Salguero, I.D. Sol, J.M. Vazquez-Martinez, M.J. Schertzer, and P. Iglesias, Effect of Laser Parameters on the Tribological Behavior of Ti6Al4V Titanium Microtextures Under Lubricated Conditions, Wear, 2019, 426–427, p 1272–1279.
D. Braun, C. Greiner, J. Schneider, and P. Gumbsch, Efficiency of Laser Surface Texturing in the Reduction of Friction Under Mixed Lubrication, Tribol. Int., 2014, 77, p 142–147.
R.A. Singh and E.S. Yoon, Friction of Chemically and Topographically Modified Si (100) Surfaces, Wear, 2007, 263, p 912–919.
D.L. Zhang, Y.Q. Zhang, Y.Y. Bai, X.M. Tai, W.X. Wang, and G.Y. Wang, Preparation and Property of Perfluoropolyether Emulsions, Polymers, 2019, 11(6), p 932–944.
J.F. Sun, A.S. Li, F.H. Su, and Z.J. Li, Tribological Property of Titanium Alloy Surface with Different Texture Structure Under Dry Friction and Perfluoropolyether Lubrication, Mocaxue Xuebao/Tribol., 2018, 38(6), p 658–664.
Y.Y. Bai, C.Y. Zhang, Q.L. Yu, J.Y. Zhang, M. Zhang, M.R. Cai, L.J. Weng, Y.M. Liang, F. Zhou, and W.M. Liu, Supramolecular PFPE Gel Lubricant with Anti-Creep Capability Under Irradiation Conditions at High Vacuum, Chem. Eng. J., 2020, 409(2), p 128120.
E. Cosmacini and V. Veronesi, A Study of the Tribological Behaviour of Perfluoro-Polyethers, Wear, 1986, 108, p 269–283.
J.K. Katiyar, S.K. Sinha, T. Hirayama, and A. Kumar, Tribological Analysis of Tip-Cantilever Made of SU-8, Talc and PFPE Composite, Tribol-Mater. Surf. Int., 2019, 14(2), p 92–101.
Y. He, Y. Fujikawa, H. Zhang, K. Fukuzawa, and Y. Mitsuya, Evaluations of Tribological Characteristics of PFPE Lubricants on DLC Surfaces of Magnetic Disks, Tribol. Lett., 2007, 27(1), p 1–11.
X.L. Wang, Q. Ye, J.X. Liu, X.J. Liu, and F. Zhou, Low Surface Energy Surfaces from Self-Assembly of Perfluoropolymer with Sticky Functional Groups, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 2010, 351(1), p 261–266.
W. Morales and D.H. Buckley, Concentrated Contact Sliding Friction and Wear Behaviour of Several Ceramics Lubricated with a Perfluoropolyalkylether at 25 °C, Wear, 1988, 123, p 345–354.
W. Deng, X.Q. Zhao, Y. Ren, E.K. Hao, J.S. Han, Y.L. An, H.D. Zhou, and J.M. Chen, Influence of Epoxy Resin on the Microstructure and Cavitation Erosion of as-Sprayed 8YSZ Coating, Ceram. Int., 2019, 45(5), p 5693–5702.
W. Deng, Y.L. An, X.Q. Zhao, C.F. Zhang, L. Tang, and J.Q. Liu, Cavitation Erosion Behavior of Ceramic/Organic Coatings Exposed to Artificial Seawater, Surf. Coat. Tech., 2020, 399, p 126–133.
X.L. Wang, K.J. Kato, K. Adachi, and K. Aizawa, Loads Carrying Capacity Map for the Surface Texture Design of SiC Thrust Bearing Sliding in Water, Tribol. Int., 2003, 36, p 189–197.
W. Deng, S.J. Li, G.L. Hou, X. Liu, X.Q. Zhao, Y.L. An, H.D. Zhou, and J.M. Chen, Comparative Study on Wear Behavior of Plasma Sprayed Al2O3 Coatings Sliding Against Different Counterparts, Ceram. Int., 2017, 43(9), p 6976–6986.
M. Arghir, N. Roucou, M. Helene, and J. Frene, Theoretical Analysis of the Incompressible Laminar Flow in a Macro-Roughness Cell, J. Tribol. T ASME, 2003, 125, p 309–318.
M. Fowell, A.V. Olver, A.D. Gosman, H.A. Spikes, and I. Pegg, Entrainment and Inlet Suction: Two Mechanisms of Hydrodynamic Lubrication in Textured Bearings, J. Tribol-T ASME, 2007, 129, p 336–347.
W.R. Thompson and J.E. Pemberton, Characterization of Octadecylsilane and Stearic Acid Layers on Al2O3 Surfaces by Raman Spectroscopy, Langmuir, 1995, 11(11), p 1720–1725.
S. Radice, M. Tommasini, and C. Castiglioni, Two Dimensional Correlation Raman Spectroscopy of Perfluoropolyethers: Effect of Peroxide Groups, J. Mol. Struct., 2010, 974(1–3), p 73–79.
S.T. Aruna, V.K. William Grips, and K.S. Rajam, Synthesis and Characterization of Ni-Al2O3 Composite Coatings Containing Different Forms of Alumina, J. Appl. Electrochem., 2010, 40(12), p 2161–2169.
Acknowledgments
This research is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52105207); the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities; the Scientific Project of the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education (Grant No. 21JP054); Innovation Training Program for College Students in Shaanxi Province (S202110702058). The authors also appreciate constructive comments of the reviewers.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Deng, W., Wu, X., Xu, Z. et al. Friction and Wear Behaviors of Perfluoropolyether-Impregnated Plasma-Sprayed Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Coatings. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 33, 1369–1379 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-023-08073-3
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-023-08073-3