Abstract
The sodium roasting-water leaching technique is the major technique for vanadium extraction from vanadium slag in industry, which suffers from the low vanadium extraction efficiency and thus low sustainability. The lack of intrinsic evolution mechanism of vanadium-containing phases during sodium roasting hinders the improvement of vanadium extraction efficiency. Herein, the “atomic atmosphere” method is proposed to explore the phase evolution mechanism of vanadium slag during sodium roasting at the atomic scale. At the initial stage of roasting, FeV2O4 transformed into Fe2O3·V2O3. As roasting time increased to 5 min, V3+ in Fe2O3·V2O3 began to be oxidized to V4+. At 15 min, V5+-containing sodium vanadate of Na3VO4, NaV3O8, and NaVO3 began to appear. At 15 to 70 min, oxidization of vanadium occurred intensively, and the sodium vanadate nanowire crystals increased and grew into clusters. At 90 min, all the vanadium atoms were V5+, which are surrounded by O2- and Na+; the sodium vanadate nanowire bundles covered the whole slag surface. This work exemplifies the atomic atmosphere method to disclose the phase evolution mechanism of vanadium slag during sodium roasting at the atomic scale, which can not only promote the vanadium extraction efficiency of sodium roasting technique, but also provides insights for efficient and sustainable extraction of other valuable resources.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant Nos. 52074050, 52222407] and the Large Instrument Foundation of Chongqing University [No. 202303150188].
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Cheng, J., Li, HY., Zhong, Q. et al. Phase Evolution Mechanism of Vanadium Slag During Sodium Roasting via the Atomic Atmosphere Method Exploration. Metall Mater Trans B (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-024-03137-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-024-03137-8