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Precipitation in Microalloyed Steel by Model Alloy Experiments and Thermodynamic Calculations

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Abstract

Precipitation in microalloyed steel has been studied by applying thermodynamic calculations based on a description of the Gibbs energies of the individual phases over the full multicomponent composition range. To validate and improve the thermodynamic description, new experimental investigations of the phase separation in the cubic carbides/nitrides/carbonitrides in alloys containing Nb, V, Mo, and Cr, have been performed. Model alloys were designed to obtain equilibrium carbides/carbonitrides that are sufficiently large for measurements of compositions, making it possible to study the partitioning of the elements into different precipitates, showing distinctly different composition sets. The reliability of the calculations, when applied to multicomponent alloys, was tested by comparing with published experimental studies of precipitation in microalloyed steel. It is shown that thermodynamic calculations accurately describe the observed precipitation sequences. Further, they can reproduce several important features of precipitation processes in microalloyed steel such as the partitioning of Mo between matrix and precipitates and the variation of precipitate compositions depending on precipitation temperature.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Dr. Magnus Andersson for many valuable discussions during the course of the present work and for reading of the manuscript. The preparation of the model alloys and some parts of the thermodynamic evaluations presented in the present paper were performed in collaboration with Drs. Johan Bratberg, Andreas Markström, and Greta Lindwall, and we would like to acknowledge their valuable contributions to the present work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Swerea KIMAB AB, Box 7047, 164 07, Kista, Sweden

    Karin Frisk

  2. SSAB Europe, 781 81, Borlänge, Sweden

    Ulrika Borggren

Authors
  1. Karin Frisk
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  2. Ulrika Borggren
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Correspondence to Karin Frisk.

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Manuscript submitted November 9, 2015.

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Frisk, K., Borggren, U. Precipitation in Microalloyed Steel by Model Alloy Experiments and Thermodynamic Calculations. Metall Mater Trans A 47, 4806–4817 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-016-3639-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-016-3639-8

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