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Indoleamines and phenylpropanoids modify development in the bryophyte Plagiomnium cuspidatum (Hedw.) T.J. Kop

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Abstract

An efficient method for in vitro propagation of the bryophyte moss Plagiomnium cuspidatum (Hedw.) T.J. Kop is presented. Protocol optimization investigated media salt strength (quarter, third, or half-strength Murashige and Skoog; MS), sugar concentration (1 to 3% (w/v) sucrose), growth regulator content (presence of benzylaminopurine (BA) at 0–5 μM and napthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 0–5 μM), and the addition of the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis inhibitor 2-aminoindan-2-phosphonic acid (AIP). Optimal media composition was determined to be half-strength MS with 2% (w/v) sucrose and 0.1 μM NAA. This method was then utilized to examine the effects of modified phenylpropanoid metabolism via application of AIP, an inhibitor of the first dedicated enzyme in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL). Treatment with AIP greatly reduced tissue browning and initiation of branching in P. cuspidatum and resulted in prolific production of straw to pale green-colored rhizoids. Treatment of plants with AIP in combination with the biosynthetic product of PAL, trans-cinnamic acid, was not able to fully recover the branching or browning phenotype, but several other phenolics, including p-coumaric acid and kaempferol, produced farther downstream in the biosynthetic pathway, were capable of partial recovery of the phenotype. Additionally, treatment with two indoleamines, melatonin and its biosynthetic precursor N-acetylserotonin, was also capable of partial recovery of the phenotype, showing greatly increased branching and increased browning of rhizoids. These results suggest that cross talk between phenylpropanoid and indoleamine metabolism is involved in bryophyte growth and development, beyond their traditional roles, leading to modified developmental outcomes.

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Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of this work by the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada [grant number 46741] and the Gosling Research Institute of Plant Preservation (GRIPP).

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  1. Abhishek Chattopadhyay and Lauren A. E. Erland contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gosling Research Institute for Plant Preservation, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada

    Abhishek Chattopadhyay, Lauren A. E. Erland, A. Maxwell P. Jones & Praveen K. Saxena

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  1. Abhishek Chattopadhyay
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  2. Lauren A. E. Erland
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  3. A. Maxwell P. Jones
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  4. Praveen K. Saxena
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Correspondence to Praveen K. Saxena.

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Editor: Wagner Campos Otoni

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Chattopadhyay, A., Erland, L.A.E., Jones, A.M.P. et al. Indoleamines and phenylpropanoids modify development in the bryophyte Plagiomnium cuspidatum (Hedw.) T.J. Kop. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant 54, 454–464 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-018-9904-3

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