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The Role of Adipose Tissue-derived Exosomes in Chronic Metabolic Disorders

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Abstract

Excessive fat deposition in obese subjects promotes the occurrence of metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Adipose tissue is not only the main form of energy storage but also an endocrine organ that not only secretes adipocytokines but also releases many extracellular vesicles (EVs) that play a role in the regulation of whole-body metabolism. Exosomes are a subtype of EVs, and accumulating evidence indicates that adipose tissue exosomes (AT Exos) mediate crosstalk between adipose tissue and multiple organs by being transferred to targeted cells or tissues through paracrine or endocrine mechanisms. However, the roles of AT Exos in crosstalk with metabolic organs remain to be fully elucidated. In this review, we summarize the latest research progress on the role of AT Exos in the regulation of metabolic disorders. Moreover, we discuss the potential role of AT Exos as biomarkers in metabolic diseases and their clinical application.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China

    Rui He & Yong Chen

  2. Laboratory of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging of the Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China

    Rui He & Yong Chen

  3. Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China

    Yong Chen

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  1. Rui He
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  2. Yong Chen
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Correspondence to Yong Chen.

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The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest with any financial organization or corporation or individual that can inappropriately influence this work.

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This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82070859).

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He, R., Chen, Y. The Role of Adipose Tissue-derived Exosomes in Chronic Metabolic Disorders. CURR MED SCI 44, 463–474 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11596-024-2902-2

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