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N and non-N site grafting piperidinium group to chitosan for anion exchange membrane

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Abstract

In this study, two kinds of novel anion exchange membranes based on chitosan backbone are obtained. N-4-Methylpiperidinechitosan (NMPCS) and quaternized N-[(2-hydroxyl-3-piperidine)propyl]chitosan (QNHPPCS) are synthesized by the reaction of chitosan with 1-methyl-4-piperidone and 2,3-epoxypropylpiperidineammonium chloride, respectively, and the piperidinium groups of NMPCS and QNHPPCS are grafted to chitosan backbone by non-N and N site, respectively. 1H NMR and FT-IR tests prove that 1-methyl-4-piperidone and 2,3-epoxypropylpiperidineammonium chloride successfully react with chitosan. 3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH560) is used for cross-linking, after cross-linking, the tensile strength of cross-linked quaternized N-4-methylpiperidinechitosan (CQNMPCS) and cross-linked quaternized N-[(2-hydroxyl-3-piperidine)propyl]chitosan (CQNHPPCS) can both reach 8 MPa, and the membranes are not excessive swelling in water. The ion exchange capacity (IEC) of CQNMPCS and CQNHPPCS can reach up to 2.28 mmol·g−1 and 1.36 mmol·g−1, respectively. XRD and DSC tests evaluate aggregate structure change of chitosan modification; the graft modification destroys the semi-crystalline structure of chitosan and results in low mechanical strength. The ion conductivity of CQNMPCS and CQNHPPCS can reach up to 30.6 mS·cm−1 and 25.5 mS·cm−1, respectively. After being immersed in 8 mol·L−1 KOH solution, the ion conductivity retention of CQNMPCS and CQNHPPCS can both reach 90%, and the CQNMPCS is more alkaline resistant. These results indicate that the prepared chitosan-based anion exchange membranes are promising materials for fuel cell application.

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Funding

This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21875176).

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  1. Department of Polymer Materials & Engineering, School of Material Science & Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, No.122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People’s Republic of China

    Hao Lu, Junjie Chen, Shanjun Gao & Chunhui Shen

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Lu, H., Chen, J., Gao, S. et al. N and non-N site grafting piperidinium group to chitosan for anion exchange membrane. Ionics 29, 1831–1845 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-023-04971-7

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