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Failure characteristics and development mechanism of fault rockburst in a deep TBM tunnel: a case study

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Abstract

An intense fault rockburst recently occurred in a deep tunnel excavated by tunnel boring machine in China, which was taken as a case to study the failure characteristics in detail. The temporal and spatial evolution of microseismic (MS) activity, the dynamic stress drop and the spatial distribution characteristics of rock fracture mechanism were analyzed. Stress-induced mechanism was studied using numerical simulation, and the development mechanism of the fault rockburst was revealed finally. The research results are as follows: (1) The development process of the fault rockburst is divided into six stages: calm stage, crack initiation stage, crack development stage, crack accumulation–slight fault dislocation stage, further crack accumulation stage and crack penetration–fault slip stage. (2) During the development of the fault rockburst, stress and energy accumulate in the deep of surrounding rock. When rockburst occurs, stress and energy are released in the shallow of the surrounding rock; at the same time, the dynamic stress drop increases significantly. MS energy is released intermittently during the development of fault rockburst. (3) Affected by the geological condition, the high in situ stress and the excavation unloading, horizontal shear slip** of the fault occurs, leading to fault rockburst. These research results can provide a reference for establishing the warning and mitigation methods of fault rockburst in deep TBM tunnels.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors sincerely acknowledge financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant no. 51839003, and the Liao Ning Revitalization Talents Program under Grant No. XLYCYSZX1902. The authors would like to thank Professor Yang Chengxiang during the research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Yu Zhang, **a-Ting Feng, Zhibin Yao, Wei Zhang, Lei Hu & Wen**g Niu

  2. Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Deep Engineering and Intelligent Technology, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Yu Zhang, **a-Ting Feng, Zhibin Yao, Wei Zhang, Lei Hu & Wen**g Niu

  3. **njiang Erqisi River Basin Development and Construction Administration, Urumqi, 830000, **njiang, China

    Jun Wang, **nqiang Guo & Yongwei Quan

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  1. Yu Zhang
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  4. Wei Zhang
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Correspondence to **a-Ting Feng.

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Zhang, Y., Feng, XT., Yao, Z. et al. Failure characteristics and development mechanism of fault rockburst in a deep TBM tunnel: a case study. Acta Geotech. 18, 5575–5596 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-023-01883-8

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