Abstract
The dynamic solidification of Sn-38.1% Pb eutectic alloy within an ultrasonic field is investigated at a frequency of 35 kHz. As the sample height H is reduced, the effect of ultrasound on macrosegregation becomes more prominent, and the volume fraction of spherical eutectic cells increases correspondingly. When H equals the wavelength λ in liquid alloy, the introduction of ultrasound enlarges the distribution region of the primary (Sn) phase, but reduces the domains of the Sn-Pb eutectic and primary (Pb) phases. Meanwhile, a “dendritic-equiaxed” structural transition occurs in the primary (Sn) phase, and its grain size is significantly reduced within the ultrasonic field. Once H decreases to λ/2 and λ/4, the ultrasonic field promotes crystal nucleation and suppresses further undercooling of the bulk liquid alloy. Theoretical analyses indicate that the local high pressure induced by the cavitation effect and the stirring effect due to acoustic streaming are the main factors dominating the eutectic growth mechanism during dynamic solidification.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Abramov O V. Action of high intensity ultrasound on solidifying metal. Ultrasonics, 1987, 25: 73–82
Campell J. Effects of vibration during solidification. Int Mater Rev, 1981, 2: 71–103
Abramov V, Abramov O, Bulgakov V, et al. Solidification of aluminium alloys under ultrasonic irradiation using water-cooled resonator. Mater Lett, 1998, 37: 27–34
Han Y F, Shu D, Wang J, et al. Microstructure and grain refining performance of Al-5Ti-1B master alloy prepared under high-inten- sity ultrasound. Mater Sci Eng A, 2006, 430: 326–331
Jian X, Xu H, Meek T T, et al. Effect of power ultrasound on solidification of aluminum A356 alloy. Mater Lett, 2005, 59: 190–193
Zhai W, Hong Z Y, **e W J, et al. Ternary eutectic growth of Ag-Cu-Sb alloy within ultrasonic field. Sci China Ser G-Phys Mech Astron, 2007, 50: 500–508
Li X T, Li T J, Li X M, et al. Study of ultrasonic melt treatment on the quality of horizontal continuously cast Al-1%Si alloy. Ultrason Sonochem, 2006, 13: 121–125
Zhai W, Hong Z Y, **e W J, et al. Solidification Characteristics of Pb-Sb hypereutectic alloy within ultrasonic field. Chinese Sci Bull, 2007, 52: 844–848
Puga H, Teixeira J C, Barbosa J, et al. The combined effect of melt stirring and ultrasonic agitation on the degassing efficiency of AlSi9Cu3 alloy. Mater Lett, 2009, 63: 2089–2092
Su M X, Cai X S, Xu F, et al. The measurement of particle size and concentration in suspensions by ultrasonic attenuation (in Chinese). Acta Acustica, 2004, 29: 440–444
Liu X M, Gong Y Y, Hou X, et al. Influence of side ultrasonic treatment on Al-Si eutectic alloy (in Chinese). Chin J Nonferr Metal, 2007, 17: 307–312
Kurz W, Fisher D J. Fundamentals of Solidification. 3rd ed. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 1998. 30–36
Brandes E A. Smithells Metals Reference Book. 6th ed. London: Butterworth Co Ltd, 1984. 8: 1–54
Dai F P, **e W J, Wei B. Spherical ternary eutectic cells formed during free fall. Phil Mag Lett, 2009, 89: 170–177
Han X J, Wang N, Wei B. Rapid eutectic growth under containerless condition. Appl Phys Lett, 2002, 81: 778–780
Chow R, Blindt R, Chivers R, et al. A study on the primary and secondary nucleation of ice by power ultrasound. Ultrasonics, 2005, 43: 227–230
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com
Rights and permissions
This article is published under an open access license. Please check the 'Copyright Information' section either on this page or in the PDF for details of this license and what re-use is permitted. If your intended use exceeds what is permitted by the license or if you are unable to locate the licence and re-use information, please contact the Rights and Permissions team.
About this article
Cite this article
Zhai, W., Hong, Z., **e, W. et al. Dynamic solidification of Sn-38.1% Pb eutectic alloy within ultrasonic field. Chin. Sci. Bull. 56, 89–95 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-010-4084-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-010-4084-5