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Paired quasi-periodic pulsations of hard X-ray emission in a solar flare

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Abstract

We investigate high time resolution data obtained by the Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor (GECAM) during the flare event on 2022 April 21 at 01:52 UT. Several subpeaks with durations of 4–6s have been detected in the hard X-ray precursor phase, and the key feature is that they appear in pairs and seem like double-peak structures. These subpeaks are rarely observed in hard X-ray band and confirmed by the microwave obtained by Nobeyama Radio Polarimeters (NoRP) and Radio Solar Telescope Network (RSTN). While an exponential function can describe the continuum component of the time profile from the precursor to part of the impulsive phase. The periods of quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs) are detected to be about 7.3 and 12.8s for the precursor and impulsive phase, respectively, with at least 95% confidence level. The paired QPPs are assumed to be double-peak QPPs and then the scenario of current loop coalescence model is found to be in good agreement with our observation. The precursor phase can be interpreted as the oscillating coalescence of two islands, while the impulsive phase can be interpreted as more islands to coalesce one by one to form larger islands.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei**g, 100049, China

    Hai-Sheng Zhao, Shao-Lin **ong, Yan-Qiu Zhang, Yi Zhao, **ao-Bo Li, Jia-Cong Liu, Wen-** Peng, Rui Qiao, **n-Qiao Li, **ang-Yang Wen, Li-Ming Song, Shi-Jie Zheng, **n-Ying Song, **ao-Yun Zhao, Yue Huang, Shuang-Nan Zhang, Shuo **ao, Ce Cai, Zheng-Hua An, Can Chen, Gang Chen, Wei Chen, Yan-Qi Du, Min Gao, Ke Gong, Dong-Ya Guo, Zhi-Wei Guo, Jian-Jian He, Bin Li, Chao Li, Chao-Yang Li, Gang Li, Jian-Hui Li, Lu Li, Qing-**n Li, Yan-Guo Li, **g Liang, **ao-Hua Liang, **-Yuan Liao, **ao-**g Liu, Ya-Qing Liu, Qi Luo, **ang Ma, Bin Meng, Ge Ou, Dong-Li Shi, **g-Yan Shi, Gong-**ng Sun, **-Lei Sun, You-Li Tuo, Chen-Wei Wang, Hui Wang, ** Wang, **-Zhou Wang, ** Wang, Wen-Shuai Wang, Hong Wu, Sheng-Lun **e, Yan-Bing Xu, Yu-Peng Xu, Wang-Chen Xue, Sheng Yang, Min Yao, Jian-Ying Ye, Qi-Bin Yi, Chao-Yue Zhang, Da-Li Zhang, Fan Zhang, Fei Zhang, Hong-Mei Zhang, Kai Zhang, Peng Zhang, **ao-Lu Zhang, Zhen Zhang, Guo-Ying Zhao, Shi-Yi Zhao, Chao Zheng, **ng Zhou & Yue Zhu

  2. Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nan**g, 210023, China

    Dong Li, Yang Su & Wei Chen

  3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei**g, 100049, China

    Yan-Qiu Zhang, Shuo **ao, Ce Cai, Can Chen, Jian-Hui Li, Qi Luo, Chao Zheng & **ng Zhou

  4. Department of Astronomy, Bei**g Normal University, Bei**g, 100875, China

    Yi Zhao

  5. School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China

    Yan-Qi Du, **g Liang, Dong-Li Shi, Hong Wu, Min Yao, Peng Zhang & Shi-Yi Zhao

  6. Physics and Space Science College, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, China

    Chao-Yang Li

  7. Key Laboratory of Stellar and Interstellar Physics and Department of Physics, **angtan University, **angtan, 411105, China

    Chao Li, Qing-**n Li, Qi-Bin Yi & Guo-Ying Zhao

  8. Institute of Astrophysics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China

    Sheng-Lun **e

  9. School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China

    Chao-Yue Zhang

  10. College of Physics and Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China

    Kai Zhang & **ao-Lu Zhang

  11. College of Physics Sciences & Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China

    Zhi-Wei Guo

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  1. Hai-Sheng Zhao
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  2. Dong Li
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  3. Shao-Lin **ong
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  4. Yan-Qiu Zhang
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Hai-Sheng Zhao or Dong Li.

Additional information

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U1938102, and 11973092), and the National Program on Key Research and Development Project (Grant No. 2016YFA0400802). D. Li was also supported by the Surface Project of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20211402). The data used in this work were retrieved from the data bases of Insight-HXMT, GECAM, Konus-Wind, NoRP, RSTN, GOES, SDO/AIA and HMI. The author is grateful to all those that work for the development and operation of the instruments and made the data freely available to the community.

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Zhao, HS., Li, D., **ong, SL. et al. Paired quasi-periodic pulsations of hard X-ray emission in a solar flare. Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 66, 259611 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-022-2064-6

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