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Atmosphere-dependent combustion of Ganoderma lucidum biomass toward its enhanced transformability into green energy

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Abstract

Globally, the circular efficiency of biomass resources has become a priority due to the depletion and negative environmental impacts of fossil fuels. This study aimed to quantify the atmosphere-dependent combustion of Ganoderma lucidum (GL) biomass and its thermodynamic and kinetic parameters toward enhancing its circularity and transformability characteristics. The GL combustion occurred in the three stages of moisture removal, volatile release, and coke combustion. Combustion performance characteristics were more favorable in the N2/O2 atmosphere than in the CO2/O2 atmosphere under the same heating rates. The rising heating rate facilitated the release of volatiles. According to the model-free methods of Ozawa-Flynn-Wall and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose, the activation energies essential for the primary reaction were 283.09 kJ/mol and 288.28 kJ/mol in the N2/O2 atmosphere and 233.09 kJ/mol and 235.64 kJ/mol in the CO2/O2 atmosphere. The gaseous products of the GL combustion included CH4, H2O, C = O, CO, CO2, NH3, C = C, and C–O(H). Ash prepared in both atmospheres exhibited a tendency for slag formation, with oxy-fuel combustion lowering its risk. This study thus provides a theoretical and practical basis for transforming GL residues into a sustainable energy source.

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Funding

The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (No. 2022A1515010825). We are grateful to Ms. Yang from the Analysis and Testing Center of Guangdong University of Technology for her help with TG-FTIR and TG-DTG analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Bei**g, 100012, China

    Hanlin Cao

  2. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China

    Hongda Zhan, Sen Lin, Jiayu Liang, Yao He & **gyong Liu

  3. Ministry of Ecology and Environment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Guangzhou, 510275, China

    Jianying Qi & Mingzhong Ren

  4. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA

    Fatih Evrendilek

Authors
  1. Hanlin Cao
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  2. Hongda Zhan
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  4. Sen Lin
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  7. Fatih Evrendilek
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  8. Yao He
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  9. **gyong Liu
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Contributions

Hanlin Cao: methodology, software, data curation, formal analysis, and writing—original draft; Hongda Zhan: formal analysis, data curation, and writing—original draft; Jianying Qi: resources and data curation; Sen Lin: software, conceptualization, investigation, and methodology; Mingzhong Ren: resources, investigation, and data curation; Jiayu Liang: software and data curation; Fatih Evrendilek: conceptualization, data curation, modeling, optimization, and writing—review and editing; Yao He: formal analysis and data curation; **gyong Liu: resources, project administration, funding acquisition, and writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to **gyong Liu.

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Cao, H., Zhan, H., Qi, J. et al. Atmosphere-dependent combustion of Ganoderma lucidum biomass toward its enhanced transformability into green energy. Environ Sci Pollut Res (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-33892-9

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