Abstract
Coffee residues (CRs) were gasified using a laboratory-scale fluidized bed gasifier with an air/steam mixture as the carrier gas. The gasification was conducted at an equivalence ratio (ER) of 0.3, and different operation temperatures (700, 800, and 900 °C) and steam-to-biomass (S/B) ratios (0, 0.75, and 1.5) were applied. Increasing temperature without steam boosted H2 and CO concentrations in producer gas, raising lower heating value (LHV) and cold gas efficiency (CGE) through endothermic reactions like Boudouard, tar cracking, and water-gas formation. At 900 °C, gas had LHV of 3.76 MJ/Nm3 and CGE of 22.47%. It was elevating temperature from 700 to 900 °C and S/B ratio to 1.5 raised H2 and CO concentrations from 2.04 to 8.60% and from 9.56 to 11.8%, respectively. This also increased LHV from 2.23 to 3.89 MJ/Nm3 and CGE from 11.28 to 25.08%. The steam gasification reaction was found to increase the H2 concentration and was thus considered effective in converting CRs to syngas and increasing energy production. Overall, the study successfully demonstrated the feasibility of steam gasification as a means of converting coffee residues to syngas and increasing energy production. The results also highlighted the importance of operating temperature and S/B ratio in improving the gasification process.
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Acknowledgements
The author is very thankful to the Taiwan National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) for its financial support and the High-Resolution Analytical Instrumentation Center, National Central University, Taiwan, for providing analytical facilities to execute this study.
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This work was supported by the Taiwan National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) (Grand number: 110-2221-E-008-042-MY3).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Dan-Kai Liang and Samikannu Prabu. The first draft of the manuscript, writing—original draft and writing—review and editing, was performed by Samikannu Prabu and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. Kung-Yuh Chiang: conceptualization, reviewing, revising, supervising. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Liang, DK., Prabu, S. & Chiang, KY. Characteristics of hydrogen energy yield in steam gasification of coffee residues. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 33807–33818 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-33499-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-33499-0