Abstract
Mineral oils are used in substantial quantities for the production of varnishes and inks due to their abundance and versatility. However, as part of the production process, some of mineral oil components are separated as waste material, whereupon they can mix with air, water, or soil and become potentially harmful to the environment. Almost all these waste materials are volatile organic compounds (VOCs), chemicals that can easily evaporate at room temperature and have toxic effect. Therefore, a novel green, mineral oil-free offset printing ink was produced using vegetable oil esters as bio-renewable raw materials. Accompanying varnishes were prepared with linseed oil, methyl oleate, octyl stearate, and four types of resin (A, B, C, and D). The application of these varnishes to magenta color offset ink was subsequently studied to screen out the best combination of resin and ester in terms of setting time. Meanwhile, dyeing force tests were conducted to evaluate the ink’s printability, while rheological analysis was done via viscosity and flowability tests. The setting time of the magenta color offset ink made by varnish A was observed to be considerably shorter than that of the ink samples prepared using varnishes B, C, and D. Furthermore, varnish A proved to be a good alternative varnish for the production of yellow, cyan, and black color offset printing inks. Samples of these inks were printed on coated paper, and their printability was contrasted against that of vegetable oil-based (pure vegetable oil), mineral oil-based, and other mineral oil-free offset printing inks. Results determined that the varnishes produced with linseed oil, methyl oleate, and octyl stearate can replace mineral oil-based varnishes for the production of offset printing ink.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
The data presented in this study are available upon request from the corresponding author.
References
Abdullah BM, Salimon J (2010) Epoxidation of vegetable oils and fatty acids: Catalysts, methods and advantages. J Appl Sci 10:1545–1553. https://doi.org/10.3923/jas.2010.1545.1553
Alireza H, Jafar Z, Javad K, Abolfazl D (2018) Graphene nanosheets preparation using magnetic nanoparticle assisted liquid phase exfoliation of graphite: coupled. effect of ultrasound and wedging nanoparticles. Ultra Sonoche 44:204–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.02.028
Aspler JS, Lepoutre P (1991) The transfer and setting of ink on coated paper. Prog Org Coat 19:333–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-0655(91)80017-D
Aydemir C, Yenidoğan S, Emine AK (2018) The examination of vegetable– and mineral oil–based inks’ effects on print quality: green printing effects with different oils. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 16:137–143. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112311414
Aydemir C, Yenido S, Karademir A, Arman E (2017) Effects of color mixing components on offset ink and printing process. Mater Manuf Process 32:1310–1315. https://doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2017.1279323
Bhattacharjee M, Roy AS, Ghosh S, Dey M (2011) Development of karanja oil based offset printing ink in comparison with linseed oil. J Oleo Sci 60:19–24. https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.60.19
Chen Q, Li X, Chen G (2021) Vegetable oils based UV–luminescent ink for screen printed anti–counterfeiting marking. Prog Org Coat:151106009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2020.106009
Chen T (2012) The influence of coating structure on sheet–fed offset ink setting rates. Western Michigan University, Master’s Thesis, Chemical Engineering and Imaging, Kalamazoo, Michigan, p 13
Desjumaux DM (1996) The influence of coating and ink properties on ink setting rate on coated paper, vol France. French Engineering School of Papermaking Master Thesis: 38–41
Dharavath HN, Hahn K (2010) Green printing: colorimetric and densitometric analysis of solvent–based and vegetable oil–based inks of multicolor offset printing. J Tech Stud 35:36–46. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ906151. Accessed May 2009
Gawas SD, Rathod VK (2020) Ultrasound assisted green synthesis of 2–ethylhexyl stearate: a cosmetic bio–ubricant. J Oleo Sci 69:1043–1049. http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/jos/. Accessed Sep 2020
García-Granero EM, Piedra-Muñoz L, Emilio GG (2020) Measuring eco–innovation dimensions: the role of environmental corporate culture and commercial orientation. Resear Poli 49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2020.104028
Gholamalizadeh N, Mazinani S, Abdouss M, Bazargan AM, Fatemi F (2022) Stencil printing of a highly conductive graphene ink toward flexible electrochemical biosensors for glucose monitoring. Prog Org Coat 172:107083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2022.107083
Hanna KM, Janet P, Heard P J, Martti (2008) Visualisation of the distribution of offset ink components printed onto coated pape. Coll Surfa A Physicochem Engi Asp 317: 557–567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2007.11.043
Hayta P, Oktav M (2020) Examination the availability of renewable resources in ink production. Mus Alparslan Univ J Sci 8:805–810. https://doi.org/10.18586/msufbd.804253
Hayta P, Oktav M, Duru ÖA, Zafer Ö (2020) Preparation of ecofriendly offset printing ink varnish with safflower oil and Pinus pinaster resin and printability. Anato J Foret Res 6:63–67
Hayta P, Oktav M, Duru Ö (2021) An ecological approach to printing industry: development of ecofriendly offset printing inks using vegetable oils and pine resin as renewable raw materials and evaluation of printability. Color Res Appl 47. https://doi.org/10.1002/col.22708
Jiménez-López AM, Hincapié-Llanos GA (2022) Identification of factors affecting the reduction of VOC emissions in the paint industry: systematic literature review – SLR. Prog Org Coat 170:106945. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2022.106945
Jones D, Brischke C (2017) Performance of bio–based building materials. Cost European Corporation in Science and Technology, Recuperado de, Woodhead Publishing
Kipphan H (2001) Handbook of Print Media: Technologies and Production Methods. Springer Science & Business Media, pp 137–138
Lu P, Tian X, Liu Y (2017) Effects of cellulosic base sheet pore structure and soybean oil–based polymer layer on cellulosic packaging performance. Bioresources 11:8483–8495. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.11.4.8483-8495
Mealy P, Teytelboym A (2017) Economic complexity and the green economy. SSRN Electro J. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3111644
Naghmeh G, Saeedeh M, Majid A, MohammadB A, Fataneh F (2021) Efficient and direct exfoliation of high–quality graphene layers in water from different graphite sources and its electrical characterization. Brief Report 16:2150079. https://doi.org/10.1142/S179329202150079X
Park JM, Kim YH, Kim SB (2013) Development of solven–free offset ink using vegetable oil esters and high molecular–weight resin. J Oleo Sci 62:345–352. https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.62.345
Robert T (2014) “Green ink in all colors”—printing ink from renewable resources. Prog Org Coat 78:287–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2014.08.007
Roy AS, Bhattacharjee M, Ghosh S, Mondal R (2007) Development of mineral oil free offset printing ink using vegetable oil esters. J Oleo Sci 56:623–628. https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.56.623
Rousu S, Gane P, Spielmann D (2000) Separation of off–set ink components during absorption into pigment coating structures. Nordic Pulp Pap Res J 15:527–535
Rousu S, Thesis D (2002) Differential absorption of offset ink constituents on coated paper. A° bo Akademi University
Samuelsson J, Sundell P, Johansson M (2004) Synthesis and polymerization of a radiation curable hyperbranched resin based on epoxy functional fatty acids. Prog Org Coat 50:193–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2004.02.005
Strom G, Gustafsson J, Sjolin K (2000) Separation of Ink Constituents During Ink Setting on Coated Substrates 2000. IPGAC, Savannah, USA
Yang SJ, Shen JB, He TF, Chen C, Wang JM, Tang YJ (2022) Flotation de–inking for recycling paper: contrasting the effects of three mineral oil–free offset printing inks on its efficiency. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29:89283–89294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22046-4
Yossif NA, Kandile G, Abdelaziz MA, Nabel NA (2017) Preparation and characterization of polymeric dispersants based on vegetable oils for printing ink application. Prog Org Coat 111:354–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2017.06.005
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Shujie Yang, Shaojun Chen, and Yingjie Wei. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Shujie Yang, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Conceptualization: Shaojun Chen and Tiefei He; methodology: Shujie Yang and Shaojun Chen and Yingjie Wei; formal analysis and investigation: Tiefei He and Shaojun Chen; writing—original draft preparation: Shujie Yang; writing—review and editing: Shaojun Chen, Tiefei He, and Jianbin Shen; funding acquisition: Jianbin Shen and Tiefei He; resources: Jianbin Shen, Tiefei He, and Shaojun Chen; supervision: Jianbin Shen, Tiefei He, and Shaojun Chen.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
Informed consent statement
Not applicable.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Yang, ., Chen, S., He, T.F. et al. Preparation of sustainable mineral oil-free offset printing ink with vegetable oil esters. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 97404–97415 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29309-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29309-8