SpringerLink
Log in

Removal mechanism of Microcystis aeruginosa in Fe2+/sodium percarbonate and Fe2+/sodium persulfate advanced oxidation-flocculation system

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Environmental Science and Pollution Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Advanced oxidation process (AOPs) can be used for the treatment of harmful algal blooms (HABs). In this study, two systems of Fe2+/sodium percarbonate (Fe2+/SPC system) and Fe2+/sodium persulfate (Fe2+/PS system) were established to explore the removal mechanism of Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa). The results indicated that the Fe2+/SPC system catalyzed H2O2 to generate a large amount of \(\bullet \mathrm{OH}\) for oxidation by Fe2+ and formed Fe3+ to promote the flocculation of M. aeruginosa. The persulfate was activated by Fe2+ to generate \({\mathrm{SO}}_{4}{\bullet }^{-}\) with super-oxidizing properties, and Fe3+ was generated to realize the oxidation and flocculation of M. aeruginosa in the Fe2+/PS system. Compared with the traditional method in which the pre-oxidation and flocculation processes are carried out separately, the method in this study effectively improves the utilization rate of the flocculant and the removal effect of M. aeruginosa. The absolute value of zeta potential of Fe2+/PS system (|ζ|= 0.808 mV) was significantly lower than that of Fe2+/SPC system (|ζ|= 21.4 mV) (P < 0.05), which indicated that Fe2+/PS system was more favorable for the flocculation of M. aeruginosa cells than the Fe2+/SPC system.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The datasets used or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

References

  • Baker A, Curry M (2004) Fluorescence of leachates from three contrasting landfills. Water Res 38:2605–2613

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng X, Lian J, Ren Z, Hou C, ** Y, Zhang L, Zhu X, Luo C, Wu D, Liang H (2021) Coupling sodium percarbonate (SPC) oxidation and coagulation for membrane fouling mitigation in algae-laden water treatment. Water Res 204:117622

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chuang Y, Chen S, Chinn C, Mitch WA (2017) Comparing the UV/monochloramine and UV/free chlorine advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) to the UV/hydrogen peroxide AOP under scenarios relevant to potable reuse. Environ Sci Technol 51:13859–13868

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dong Z, Chen G, Li M, Sun F, Jiang C,  Bharti B (2020) Fe(II)-activated persulfate oxidation to degrade iopamidol in water: parameters optimization and degradation paths. Sci Rep 10(1):1–11

  • Fang Y, Wang C, Tang W, Yang N, Wang G, Wang F (2020) Comparison of advantages and disadvantages of algae removal technology, application status and new technology progress. Indus Water Treat 40(09):1–6

  • Fu PQ, Liu CQ, Wu FC (2005) Three-dimensional excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopic characterization of dissolved organic matter. Spectroscopy 7:28–37

  • Gu N, Wu Y, Gao J, Meng X, Zhao P, Qin H, Wang K (2017) Microcystis aeruginosa removal by in situ chemical oxidation using persulfate activated by Fe2+ ions. Ecol Eng 99:290–297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hao RX, Cao KX, Deng YW (2007) The variation trend of three -dimensional characteristic fluorescence of dissolved organic matter in the wastewater treatment process. J Instrum Anal 26(6):789

  • Henderson R, Parsons Simon A, Bruce J (2008) The impact of algal properties and pre-oxidation on solid–liquid separation of algae. Water Res 42:1827–1845

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jianlong W, Shizong W (2018) Activation of persulfate (PS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and application for the degradation of emerging contaminants - ScienceDirect. Chem Eng J 334:1502–1517

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kong Y, Peng Y, Zhang Z, Zhang M, Zhou Y, Duan Z (2019) Removal of Microcystis aeruginosa by ultrasound: inactivation mechanism and release of algal organic matter. Ultrason Sonochem 56:447–457

  • Liu J (2020) Treatment of Microcystis aeruginosa by novel advanced oxidation technology. Dissertation, Yangzhou University (in Chinese)

  • Liu B, Qu F, Chen W, Liang H, Wang T, Cheng X, Yu H, Li G, Van der Bruggen B (2017) Microcystis aeruginosa-laden water treatment using enhanced coagulation by persulfate/Fe(II), ozone and permanganate: comparison of the simultaneous and successive oxidant dosing strategy. Water Res 125:72 Chinese

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lu L, Ma J, Niu X, Zhang D, Zheng X, Lin Z (2021) Isolation and identification of an algicidal bacteria strain of EA-1and algicidal characteristics on Microcystis aeruginosa. China Environ Sci 41(5372):5381 Chinese

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma M, Liu R, Liu H, Qu J (2014) Mn (VII)–Fe (II) pre-treatment for Microcystis aeruginosa removal by Al coagulation: simultaneous enhanced cyanobacterium removal and residual coagulant control. Water Res 65(73):84

    Google Scholar 

  • Min M, Liu R, Liu H, Qu J (2012) Effect of moderate pre-oxidation on the removal of Microcystis aeruginosa by KMnO4-Fe(II) process: significance of the in-situ formed Fe(III). Water Res 46:73–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pivokonsky M, Kloucek O, Pivokonska L (2006) Evaluation of the production, composition and aluminum and iron complexation of algogenic organic matter. Water Res 40:3045–3052

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ribau TM, João RM (2007) Comparing dissolved air flotation and conventional sedimentation to remove cyanobacterial cells of Microcystis aeruginosa: part II. The effect of water background organics. Sep Purif Technol 53:126–134

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sheng H, Niu X, Song Q, Li Y, Zhang R, Zou D (2019) Physiological and biochemical responses of Microcystis aeruginosa to phosphine. Environ Pollut 247:165–171

  • Song Q (2020) Removal of Microcystis aeruginosa by Fe2+/Persulfate and its ecological risk. Dissertation, South China University of Technology (in Chinese)

  • Sun L (2020) Study on treatment of Microcystis aeruginosa and low-concentration antibiotics by UV-C/H2O2. Dissertation, Shandong University (in Chinese)

  • Sun J, Xu H, Pei H, ** Y, Li H, Ma C (2018) Worse than cell lysis: the resilience of Oscillatoria sp. during sludge storage in drinking water treatment. Water Res 142:405–414

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tian X (2020) The oxidation of sodium percarbonate activated by Fe2+ to enchance Microcysis aeruginosa coagulation. Dissertation, Shandong University (in Chinese)

  • Tian J, Wu C, Yu H, Gao S, Li G, Cui F,  Qu F (2018) Applying ultraviolet/persulfate (UV/PS) pre-oxidation for controlling ultrafiltration membrane fouling by natural organic matter (NOM) in surface water. Water Res 132:190–199

  • Tian X, Li Y, Xu H, Pang Y, Zhang J, Pei H (2021) Fe2+ activating sodium percarbonate (SPC) to enhance removal of Microcystis aeruginosa and microcystins with pre-oxidation and in situ coagulation. J Hazard Mater 412:125206

  • Wang T (2021) Study on the synthesis of multiactive group flocculant and its treatment of dyeing wastewater. Dissertation, Chongqing Technology and Business University (in Chinese)

  • Wang L, Wei Q, Ma X, Chen J, Gan Y, Liu F, Yao J (2021a) Removal of Microcystis aeruginosa by synergy of ferrous sulfate and potassium hydrogen persulfate. Chin J Environ Eng 15(3572):3580 Chinese

    Google Scholar 

  • **e P, Chen Y, Ma J, Zhang X, Zou J, Wang Z (2016) A mini review of preoxidation to improve coagulation. Chemosphere 155:550–563

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xu J, Zhao Y, Gao B, Han S, Zhao Q, Liu X (2018) The influence of algal organic matter produced by Microcystis aeruginosa on coagulation-ultrafiltration treatment of natural organic matter. Chemosphere 196(418):428

    Google Scholar 

  • Yan G, Li Fu, **e Y, Ming H, Zhou D (2020) The growth and metabolism of microcystis aeruginosa depend on cell density and its molecular mechanism. Acta Sci Circum 40:3757–3763 Chinese

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang J, Zhu M,  Dionysiou DD (2021) What is the role of light in persulfate-based advanced oxidation for water treatment? Water Res 189:116627

  • Yi J, Nie X, Wang Y, **ao H, Long Y, Jiang C (2021) Application of calcium ions for the control of Microcystis aeruginosa in drinking water treatment works. China Environ Sci 41:5187–5193 Chinese

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang X, Ren B, Li S, Qu X, Yang H, Xu S, Ren Z, Kong Q, Wang C (2017) Is sodium percarbonate a good choice in situ remediation of deltamethrin pollution? Front Environ Sci Eng 11:3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao Z, Wang L, Fan J, Song Y, Chu G, Shao L (2020) Degradation of indigo carmine by coupling Fe(II)-activated sodium persulfate and ozone in a rotor-stator reactor. Chem Eng Process Process Intensif 148:107791

  • Zhou Y, Zhang X, Jia P, Dai R (2018) A review on factors affecting algae grows and toxin production based on molecular biology. Environ Chem 37:1474–1481

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou M, Chen W, Sheng G (2019) Degradation of triadimefon in water by UV irradiation-activated sodium persulfate process. Chin J Environ Eng 13(4):810–817

Download references

Funding

This work was financially sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (32001201), Shanghai Sailing Program (20YF1447700), Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2021A1515012221), Qingyuan Science and Technology Plan Project (2020KJJH012), and Science and Technology Innovation Fund for College Students.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, People’s Republic of China

    Qingyun Zhai, Lili Song, **yan Ji, Yueshu Yu, Hua Wei & Meifang Hou

  2. National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People’s Republic of China

    Saihua Huang

  3. School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, People’s Republic of China

    **g Ye

  4. School of Railway Transportation, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, People’s Republic of China

    Wenwu Xu

Authors
  1. Qingyun Zhai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Lili Song
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Saihua Huang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. **yan Ji
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Yueshu Yu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. **g Ye
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Hua Wei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Wenwu Xu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Meifang Hou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Qingyun Zhai: conceptualization, methodology, and writing—original draft

Lili Song: validation, formal analysis, investigation, and data curation

Saihua Huang: supervision and review and editing

**yan Ji: supervision, conceptualization, review and editing, and funding acquisition

Yueshu Yu: data curation and formal analysis

**g Ye: conceptualization and review and editing

Hua Wei: conceptualization and review and editing

Wenwu Xu: visualization

Meifang Hou: review and editing

Corresponding author

Correspondence to **yan Ji.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval

This research does not involve ethical issues.

Consent to participate

This research does not involve ethical issues.

Consent for publication

All authors confirm that this paper has not been published before in any form.

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Responsible Editor: Guilherme L. Dotto

Publisher's note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhai, Q., Song, L., Huang, S. et al. Removal mechanism of Microcystis aeruginosa in Fe2+/sodium percarbonate and Fe2+/sodium persulfate advanced oxidation-flocculation system. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 40911–40918 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25163-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25163-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation