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Design a flower-like magnetic graphite carbon microsphere for enhanced adsorption of 2,4-dichlorophenol

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Abstract

2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) is a hazardous chlorinated organic chemical, so its removal is an important task to protect the whole ecosystem and human health. During the material preparation, the magnetic graphitic carbon adsorbent (HFMCM) with a sparse sheet-like stacking structure was formed by interlayer assembly of nickel hydroxide nanosheets and hydrothermal glucose carbon. The conditions for optimal performance of the adsorbent are 45 °C and pH 5. The maximum adsorption capacity of HFMCM-180 for 2,4-DCP is 147.06 mg·g−1. Adsorption behavior in accordance with Langmuir isothermal model and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The adsorbent remains selective for 2,4-DCP in metal ion solutions. More than 75% of the adsorption capacity is maintained after five cycles of adsorption. Electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, and π-π bonding play a major role in the adsorption of 2,4-DCP by HFMCM.

Graphical abstract

The adsorbent was glucose as the carbon source, nickel sulfate as the magnetic source, and hexamethylenetetramine as the precipitant. Its carbonization after pretreatment with different hydrothermal temperatures resulted in the synthesis of flower-like graphitic carbon spheres with magnetic properties. The interconnected pore channels on the adsorbent surface conferred large specific surface area to the material. 2,4-DCP was efficiently adsorbed by π-π stacking, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic attraction within the pore channels with low spatial potential resistance.

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Data availability

The experimental data are the results of the authors’ experiments. The experimental data were obtained after repeated experiments. The experimental data are of scientific and practical nature. We would like to declare that the work described was original research that has not been published previously, and not under consideration for publication elsewhere, in whole or in part.

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Funding

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1904174), Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province (No. 202102310280; No. 212102310068), the Opening Project of Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology (No. CJSP2021007), and Doctoral Research Start-up Project of Henan University of Urban Construction (No. 990/Q2017011).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Henan University of Urban Construction, Henan Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, **dingshan, 467000, China

    Zhaoyang Li, Yanli Mao, **aole Yan, Zhongxian Song, Haiyan Kang, Xu Yan, Deming Gu, **a Zhang & Zhenzhen Huang

  2. School of Civil and Surveying Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China

    Zhaoyang Li, Yanli Mao & Zuwen Liu

  3. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China

    Chaopeng Liu

  4. School of Water Conservancy and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China

    Zhenzhen Huang

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  1. Zhaoyang Li
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Zhaoyang Li and Yanli Mao were involved in the design and manipulation of the experiments in the article. **aole Yan, Zhongxian Song, Chaopeng Liu, Zuwen Liu, Haiyan Kang, Xu Yan, Deming Gu, **a Zhang, and Zhenzhen Huang were involved in the commissioning of the experimental equipment and the criticism of the article.

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Li, Z., Mao, Y., Yan, X. et al. Design a flower-like magnetic graphite carbon microsphere for enhanced adsorption of 2,4-dichlorophenol. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 83138–83154 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-21364-x

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