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Bimetallic Fe/Al-MOF for the adsorptive removal of multiple dyes: optimization and modeling of batch and hybrid adsorbent-river sand column study and its application in textile industry wastewater

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Abstract

Bimetallic metal organic framework (MOF) has garnered interest over the years with its applications in industrial wastewater treatment. In this work, Fe-Al-1,4-benzene-dicarboxylic acid (FeAl(BDC)) MOF was synthesized, and adsorptive removal of Rhodamine B dye in batch and unique hybrid FeAl (BDC)-river sand fixed-bed column was studied. The experimental data from the batch studies corroborated well with the pseudo-second-order (PSO) (R2: 0.97) and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models (R2: 0.98) and achieved a maximum adsorption capacity of 48.59 mg/g in 90 min. Furthermore, a fixed-bed column study was conducted to assess the effect of varying flow rate (2, 5, 8 mL/min), bed height (5, 9, 13 cm), and feed concentration (10, 20, 30 mg/L) on the adsorption performance of FeAl(BDC) in continuous mode of operation. A uniform mixture of river sand and FeAl(BDC) by weight ratio (9:1) was packed into the column. The sand-FeAl(BDC) fixed-bed column could achieve the maximum adsorption capacity (qexp) of 113.05 mg/g at a 5 mL/min flow rate, feed concentration of 20 mg/L, and a bed height of 13 cm. The experimental data of the column study were successfully fitted well with BDST, Thomas (qcal: 114.94 mg/g), Yoon-Nelson, and dose–response models (qcal: 113.41 mg/g) and R2: 0.97–0.99. The fitting parameter values from the BDST model raise the scope of viable upscaling of the fixed-bed column. In all, it is proposed that these river sand-FeAl(BDC)-based filters can be widely used in areas facing critical contamination and in poor communities with a high demand for water.

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Acknowledgements

All of the authors thank the School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Central Research Facility at IIT, Kharagpur, for the technical and material support, space, and instrumentation to carry out this work. Also, H Singh, S Raj, and Dr. RKS Rathour sincerely appreciate the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, for their PhD. Fellowships.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India

    Hemant Singh, Sankalp Raj, Rishi Karan Singh Rathour & Jayanta Bhattacharya

  2. IPE Global Limited, New Delhi, India

    Rishi Karan Singh Rathour

  3. Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India

    Jayanta Bhattacharya

  4. Zelence Industries Pvt. Ltd, Kharagpur, India

    Jayanta Bhattacharya

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  1. Hemant Singh
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  2. Sankalp Raj
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  3. Rishi Karan Singh Rathour
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  4. Jayanta Bhattacharya
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All the authors’ contributions have been acknowledged as mentioned. Hemant Singh: conceptualization, methodology, software, data curation, writing original—draft, visualization and investigation. Sankalp Raj: assistance to investigation. Rishi Karan Singh Rathour: assistance to investigation, writing—review & editing. Jayanta Bhattacharya: assistance to investigation, supervision, writing—review & editing.

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Correspondence to Jayanta Bhattacharya.

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Singh, H., Raj, S., Rathour, R.K.S. et al. Bimetallic Fe/Al-MOF for the adsorptive removal of multiple dyes: optimization and modeling of batch and hybrid adsorbent-river sand column study and its application in textile industry wastewater. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 56249–56264 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19686-x

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