Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), a class of peripheral toxic substances, can cause many environmental and clinical side effects, particularly on the human body’s endocrine system. Bisphenol A (BPA) and diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) are two well-known EDCs in the medicine industry. However, there are no comprehensive studies on their effects on hematopoiesis. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effect of these two aforementioned substances on the clonogenic capacity of umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells (CB-HSCs). The HSCs which express CD34 + were isolated from umbilical cord blood by the magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) system. To investigate the effects of different optimized concentrations of BPA and DEHP, CB-CD34+ HSCs were exposed to EDCs in semisolid medium. For evaluation of coexposures, CB-CD34+ HSCs were cocultured with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in the presence of BPA and DEHP. Finally, the number and types of colonies were evaluated after 14 days. Statistical analysis was performed by GraphPad Prism through ANOVA. CB-HSC treated by BPA and DEHP showed a lower absolute colony count than the control group (P < 0.05). Decrease in clonogenic potential of HSCs was more significant in coculture condition by MSCs. In particular, there was a significant decrease in the BFU-E colonies in comedicated-derived fractions (P < 0.0001). In the presence of EDCs such as BPA and DEHP, the patterns of differentiation in CD34+ CB-HSCs changed from suppressed erythroid differentiation toward stimulated myelogenesis pathways.
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Abbreviations
- BFU-E:
-
Burst-forming unit-erythroid
- BPA:
-
Bisphenol A
- BM-MSC:
-
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
- CFU-E:
-
Colony-forming unit-erythroid
- CFU-GM:
-
Colony-forming unit-granulocyte-monocyte
- CFU-GEMM:
-
Colony-forming unit-granulocyte erythrocyte-monocyte-megakaryocyte
- CFU-G:
-
Colony-forming unit-granulocyte
- CFU-M:
-
Colony-forming unit-monocyte
- CPDA1:
-
Citrate-phosphate-dextrose adenine
- CB-HSC:
-
Cord blood hematopoietic stem cell
- DEHP:
-
Diethylhexyl phthalate
- DDT:
-
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
- EDC:
-
Endocrine-disrupting chemical
- FBS:
-
Fetal bovine serum
- G-CSF:
-
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
- MNC:
-
Mononuclear cell
- PCBs:
-
Polychlorinated biphenyls
- PBBs:
-
Polybrominated biphenyls
- PVC:
-
Polyvinyl chloride
- SCF:
-
Stem cell factor
- TPO:
-
Thrombopoietin
- UCB:
-
Umbilical cord blood
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All of the authors and coauthors who were listed on the title page greatly helped to accomplish this study with unsparing efforts. A.S. helped prepare the last version of the manuscript and perform a literature review. She also mainly contributed to conducting the experiment, data curation, data analysis, designation of images and tables, final arrangement of the data-making structure of the study, and visualization. S.A. mainly performed project supervision/correspondence, project administration, conceptualization, scientific consultations, and verification of the manuscript by definitive approval for submission. He also academically and grammatically performed peer revision and major conceptualization qualifying. F.A. equally helped A.S. for conducting experiment. MA.G equally helped A.S. for biostatistical analysis of data. S.A. and A.S. equally helped with critical revision of the manuscript on the important intellectual content according to the journal’s instructions, validation of data, and designation of methodological strategies. All of the authors and coauthors attest to the fact that they have approved the final version of the article, and they have received an electronic copy of the manuscript. Additionally, they attest to the validity and legitimacy of the data and agreed to submit this manuscript to this journal.
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This experimental study accessed ethics approval from the Research Ethics Committee of Tarbiat Modares University (Tehran, Iran). The study was performed in accordance standard of Declaration of Helsinki.
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All healthy BM-MSC donors provided written informed consent and contributed to the study.
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Soltani, A., Abroun, S., Abbasnejadshani, F. et al. Effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells exposed to endocrine-disrupting chemicals on the differentiation of umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 39903–39913 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17787-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17787-7