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Possible role of moderate exercise training in modulating gene expression of adipose tissue remodeling markers in obese male rats

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Abstract

Purpose

Obesity is a growing public health problem characterized by adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction that is associated with metabolic complications. Exercise is a crucial intervention for the treatment of obesity. However, the role of moderate exercise training in modulating AT remodeling process remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of moderate swimming exercise on gene expression of AT remodeling markers in obese rats.

Methods

Thirty-two adult male wistar rats were divided into equal non-obese and obese groups. Each group was subdivided into sedentary and exercised subgroups. Moderate exercise training protocol was performed by swimming 30 min, 5 times a week for 8 weeks.

Results

HFD feeding increased anthropometric parameters, visceral adiposity, lipids, insulin resistance and inflammation. Findings revealed a significant upregulation of VEGF-A, HIF-1α, CD11c, OPN and CD44 and a significant downregulation of CD163 in the VAT of obese sedentary rats. All these parameters were reversed after swimming exercise. VEGF-A expression was positively correlated with visceral fat weight and adiposity index in obese subgroups. HIF-1α expression was positively correlated with HOMA-IR in both obese subgroups and negatively correlated with IL-10 only in obese exercised subgroup. CD11c, OPN and CD44 expressions were positively correlated with HOMA-IR and TNF-α in both subgroups. CD163 expression was negatively correlated with HOMA-IR and TNF-α in obese exercised subgroup.

Conclusions

Moderate exercise training exerts protective effects in obesity and related metabolic dysfunctions through modulating gene expression of AT remodeling markers. These markers could be possible targets for treatment of obesity and associated pathologies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Human Physiology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165, Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt

    Hebatallah Mohammed Aboudeya, Azza Saad Abdou & Maha Mostafa Attia

  2. Biochemistry Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Hadara, Egypt

    Sara A. Shaker

  3. Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Omar AL-Mukhtar University, Bayda, Libya

    Salwa Abdullah Younis

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  1. Hebatallah Mohammed Aboudeya
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  2. Azza Saad Abdou
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  3. Maha Mostafa Attia
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  4. Sara A. Shaker
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Contributions

A.S.A. suggested the research topic and H.M.A. performed the experimental study, biochemical and ELISA measurements and S.A.S. and S.A.Y. performed the PCR measurements and S.A.Y. performed data acquisition and H.M.A., A.S.A. M.M.A. and S.A.S. performed data analysis and interpretation and H.M.A. and S.A.Y. wrote the main manuscript text. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hebatallah Mohammed Aboudeya.

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Ethics approval

All animal procedures and experimental protocols were performed in compliance with the ethical guidelines of the Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University (Approval reference number: AU 01221122422).

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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Aboudeya, H.M., Abdou, A.S., Attia, M.M. et al. Possible role of moderate exercise training in modulating gene expression of adipose tissue remodeling markers in obese male rats. Sport Sci Health (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-024-01206-8

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