Abstract
Introduction
Femur head necrosis (FHN) is a challenging clinical disease with unclear underlying mechanism, which pathologically is associated with disordered metabolism. However, the disordered metabolism in cancellous bone of FHN was never analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Objectives
To elucidate altered metabolism pathways in FHN and identify putative biomarkers for the detection of FHN.
Methods
We recruited 26 patients with femur head necrosis and 22 patients with femur neck fracture in this study. Cancellous bone tissues from the femoral heads were collected after the surgery and were analyzed by GC-MS based untargeted metabolomics approach. The resulting data were analyzed via uni- and multivariate statistical approaches. The changed metabolites were used for the pathway analysis and potential biomarker identification.
Results
Thirty-seven metabolites distinctly changed in FHN group were identified. Among them, 32 metabolites were upregulated and 5 were downregulated in FHN. The pathway analysis showed that linoleic acid metabolism were the most relevant to FHN pathology. On the basis of metabolites network, L-lysine, L-glutamine and L-serine were deemed as the junctions of the whole metabolites. Finally, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, inosine, L-proline and octadecanoic acid were considered as the potential biomarkers of FHN.
Conclusion
This study provides a new insight into the pathogenesis of FHN and confirms linoleic acid metabolism as the core.
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Data Availability
The metabolomics and metadata reported in this paper are available via study identifier MTBLS7627.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2023A1515012682). The authors would like to thank Mr. Shengqiang Li for his help in sampling.
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Ming Fu, Jian Zhang and Weiwen Zhu conceived and designed the research. Rui Wang and Jian Zhang performed Material preparation. Weiwen Zhu, Zhijian Yang, Rui Wang, Xuming Luo and Baoxi Yu conducted experiments. Weiwen Zhu and Rui Wang contributed new reagents or analytical tools. Weiwen Zhu and Rui Wang analyzed data. Weiwen Zhu, Zhijian Yang, and Jian Zhang wrote the manuscript. All of the authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Zhu, W., Wang, R., Yang, Z. et al. GC-MS based comparative metabolomic analysis of human cancellous bone reveals the critical role of linoleic acid metabolism in femur head necrosis. Metabolomics 19, 86 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-023-02053-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-023-02053-3