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Caffeine: a potential mechanism for anti-obesity

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Abstract

Obesity refers to the excessive accumulation of fat caused by a long-term imbalance between energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE). Over recent years, obesity has become a major public health challenge. Caffeine is a natural product that has been demonstrated to exert anti-obesity effects; however, the mechanisms responsible for the effect of caffeine on weight loss have yet to be fully elucidated. Most obesity-related deaths are due to cardiovascular disease. Recent research has demonstrated that caffeine can reduce the risk of death from cardiovascular disease; thus, it can be hypothesized that caffeine may represent a new therapeutic agent for weight loss. In this review, we synthesize data arising from clinical and animal studies over the last decade and discuss the potential mechanisms by which caffeine may induce weight loss, focusing particularly on increasing energy consumption, suppressing appetite, altering lipid metabolism, and influencing the gut microbiota. Finally, we summarize the major challenges associated with caffeine and anti-obesity research and highlight possible directions for future research and development.

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No new data were created or analyzed in this study. All data referenced in this article are obtained from previously published studies, which are cited in the References section.

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Funding

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 82151308 to J.-F.C.); the Research Fund for International Senior Scientists (Grant No. 82150710558 to J.-F.C); Pro-gram Project from the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University (Grant No. J01-20190101 to J.-F.C); and Key Research Project (Grant No. 2023C03079 to J.-F.C) from Zhejiang Provincial Administration of Science & Technology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Joint Research Center on Purinergic Signaling, School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China

    Meng Wang

  2. The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China

    Wei Guo & Jiang-Fan Chen

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  1. Meng Wang
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  2. Wei Guo
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  3. Jiang-Fan Chen
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Meng Wang conceived and wrote the article. Wei Guo reviewed the content and edited the manuscript. Jiang-Fan Chen provided supervision on the article. All authors critically read and commented on the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Jiang-Fan Chen.

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Wang, M., Guo, W. & Chen, JF. Caffeine: a potential mechanism for anti-obesity. Purinergic Signalling (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11302-024-10022-1

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