Abstract
Multidrug efflux pumps are protein complexes located in the cell envelope that enable bacteria to expel, not only antibiotics, but also a wide array of molecules relevant for infection. Hence, they are important players in microbial pathogenesis. On the one hand, efflux pumps can extrude exogenous compounds, including host-produced antimicrobial molecules. Through this extrusion, pathogens can resist antimicrobial agents and evade host defenses. On the other hand, efflux pumps also have a role in the extrusion of endogenous compounds, such as bacterial intercommunication signaling molecules, virulence factors or metabolites. Therefore, efflux pumps are involved in the modulation of bacterial behavior and virulence, as well as in the maintenance of the bacterial homeostasis under different stresses found within the host. This review delves into the multifaceted roles that efflux pumps have, shedding light on their impact on bacterial virulence and their contribution to bacterial infection. These observations suggest that strategies targeting bacterial efflux pumps could both reinvigorate the efficacy of existing antibiotics and modulate the bacterial pathogenicity to the host. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of bacterial efflux pumps can be pivotal for the development of new effective strategies for the management of infectious diseases.
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Acknowledgements
Work in JLM laboratory is supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación/Agencia Estatal de Investigación (MCIN/AEI) 10.13039/501100011033 through grant PID2020-113521RB-I00. Work in HKJ laboratory is supported by The Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF) Challenge grant NNF19OC0056411 and a grant from THE JOHN AND BIRTHE MEYER FOUNDATION (2022).
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Laborda, P., Molin, S., Johansen, H.K. et al. Role of bacterial multidrug efflux pumps during infection. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 40, 226 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-024-04042-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-024-04042-7