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A Study of Controlling of Soil Ammonia Volatilization by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Its Mechanism

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Abstract

Ammonia volatilization is one of the forms of nitrogen loss. In alkaline soil of northern China, four treatment methods were designed: urea add viable Bacillus amyloliquefaciens biofertilizer (UB), urea add nonviable Bacillus amyloliquefaciens biofertilizer, urea add sweet potato starch wastewater, urea (U). The purpose of this study was to understand the effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on ammonia volatilization, and analyze the control mechanism of ammonia volatilization and the effect on soil microbial community. The results showed that compared with U treatment, UB treatment reduced ammonia volatilization by 20%, enhanced nitrogen absorption of sorghum, and promoted the growth of sorghum (257.59%). At the peak of ammonia volatilization rate (7–14 days), the pH value of UB treatment decreased by 0.11. The soil ammonia nitrogen content decreased by 69.18 mg/kg, indicating that soil nitrification was enhanced. The difference of AOB abundance among different treatments was corresponding to the change of NO3−–N and NH4+–N contents in soil. The abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) increased after fertilization. Compared with U treatment, UB treatment increased the copy number of AOA and AOB by 2.35 × 107 and 5.12 × 105 g−1 soil, respectively. Soil microbial community results showed that under UB treatment at the phylum level, the proportion of Proteobacteria (43.67%) and Actinobacteria (25.91%) was the highest. Firmicutes and Gemmatimonadetes increased (6.20% and 2.47%). At the class level, Gammaproteobacteria (27.55%), Acidimicrobiia (17.42%), and Alphaproteobacteria (12.66%) were the highest. The proportion of Acidimicrobiia and Alphaproteobacteria decreased (9.31% and 2.24%), while the proportion of Gammaproteobacteria and Bacilli increased (14.61% and 5.19%).

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  1. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei**g, 100085, China

    Mairemu Maihaiti, **a Wang, Shengjun Xu & Xuliang Zhuang

  2. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China

    Shuanglong Ma

  3. Shenzhen BLY Landscape & Architecture Planning & Design Institute, Shenzhen, 518055, China

    Shuanglong Ma, Bing **a & Haijun Yang

  4. Linyi Ecology and Environment Bureau, **yi Subbureau, **yi, 273300, China

    **nglei Sun

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  1. Mairemu Maihaiti
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Maihaiti, M., Ma, S., Wang, X. et al. A Study of Controlling of Soil Ammonia Volatilization by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Its Mechanism. Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 3 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-022-05983-1

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