Abstract
Plant endophytes produce a variety of secondary metabolites that have a wide range of biological effects. Curcuma wenyu** Y.H. Chen et C. Ling is a medicinal plant of the genus Curcuma in Zingiberaceae possessing anti-tumor effects. However, Bacillus siamensis isolated from C. wenyu** highly remains limited understanding. In this study, a novel B. siamensis named as WYJ-E14 strain from C. wenyu** was isolated. The CCK8 assay showed that the metabolites produced by WYJ-E14 strain significantly inhibited the growth of melanoma and glioma cells. Metabolomic analysis showed that the eight metabolites of the WYJ-E14 metabolites had anti-tumor cell growth activity, including desferrioxamine G1, surfactin, menaquinone-4, tracheloside, proscillaridin, microcolin J, stevioside, and demethoxycurcumin. Genomic sequencing displayed that the whole genome of WYJ-E14 contained a circular chromosome with a total length of 4,020,075 bp, and had no plasmid. Genome annotation identified 4008 putative protein-coding genes, 1 tRNA, and 27 rRNAs. The CDSs number assigned to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, Gene Ontology, and Clusters of Orthologous Genes databases were 2145, 2764 and 3403, respectively. Biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) related to the synthesis of surfactin, difficidin, fengycin, bacillaene, macrolactin, butirosin A/butirosin B, bacillibactin and bacilysin were identified in the genome of WYJ-E14 by antiSMASH analysis. Most importantly, the genes involved in the biosynthesis of surfactin and menaquinone-4 metabolism were identified. In addition, WYJ-E14 genome also contained sequences that shared similarity with the genes encoding enzymes involved in the plant curcumin anabolism. The predicted ORFs encoded 120 secretory proteins. Comparative genome analysis showed that WYJ-E14 possessed collinear region among B. siamensis YB-1631 and B. velezensis W1. Taken together, this work offered a foundation for function study of target genes, and facilitated a genetic engineering of B. siamensis WYJ-E14 to improve agricultural and biomedical applications.
Key Message
The metabolites produced by endophytic Bacillus siamensis WYJ-E14 significantly inhibited tumor cells, which might facilitate a genetic engineering of B. siamensis WYJ-E14 to improve agricultural and biomedical applications.
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Data availability
The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found in the article/supplementary material.
Abbreviations
- ANI:
-
Average nucleotide identity
- BGCs:
-
Biosynthetic gene clusters
- B. siamensis :
-
Bacillus siamensis
- B. velezensis :
-
Bacillus velezensis
- C. wenyu** :
-
Curcuma wenyu**
- CCK8:
-
Cell counting kit-8
- PDA:
-
Potato dextrose agar
- Str:
-
Streptomycin
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank Nan**g Personal Gene Technology Co., Ltd. for assistance in the determination of genome sequences and Shanghai Bioprofile Technology Company Ltd. for assistance in test of metabolomics. The authors also thank GenBank staffs for help in reasonable classification and nomenclature of WYJ-E14 strain.
Funding
This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No.31872181), Hangzhou Science and Technology Development Plan (grant No. 20191203B05) and Research Start-up Funds from the Hangzhou Normal University (grant No. 2021QDL062) and Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (grant No. LY19C020003).
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ZZ designed the research. XH drafted the manuscript. ZZ, ZC and LW provided the bioinformatics analysis. JR and JW provided the assistance in experiments. JJ isolated the endophytes. ZZ, XH, DZ and TX designed the experiment, provided the overall guidance and revision. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
