SpringerLink
Log in

Influence of magnesium content and phosphoric acid treatment on cadmium adsorption onto sugarcane leaf biochar

  • Published:
Research on Chemical Intermediates Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Biochar is an attractive low-cost sorbent for removal of heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) from solution. This study presents modification of sugarcane leaf biochars with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and magnesium oxide (MgO) and the influence of Mg:P atomic ratio (varied from 0 to 2) on the Cd2+ adsorption performance was evaluated. Compared to unmodified biochar (BC), pre-pyrolysis modification with H3PO4 alone (P-BC) greatly increased the surface area from 296 to 505 m2/g but its Cd2+ adsorptivity decreased by 5-folds due to high acidity. Incorporation of alkaline MgO increased the Cd2+ adsorption and pH, despite a reduction in surface area, confirming that Mg played a predominant role in Cd2+ removal. When Mg:P > 1 (1.5MgP-BC and 2MgP-BC), more than 99% of the Cd2+ was removed, but the solutions were alkaline with pH > 8. Adsorbent 1MgP-BC presented an overall good performance with a maximum Cd2+ adsorption capacity of 36.4 mg/g (compared to 12.8 mg/g for BC) and neutral pH. The adsorption kinetics of Cd2+ onto both BC and 1MgP-BC were best described by the Elovich and pseudo-second order models, suggesting chemisorption as primary adsorption mechanism. Adsorption isotherms followed the Langmuir (for 1MgP-BC) and Freundlich isotherm models (for BC). Characterization of the post-adsorption biochars with XRD, FTIR, XPS and SEM–EDX confirmed that Cd2+ adsorption onto BC was governed by precipitation of CdCO3 and interaction with specific surface sites, whereas for 1MgP-BC the Cd2+ was primarily adsorbed onto Mg phosphates on the biochar surface and precipitated as Cd3(PO4)2.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price includes VAT (Germany)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

Availability of data and materials

Optimization of pyrolysis temperature, determination of optimal kinetics and isotherm equation, point of zero charge, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, pH of solutions during adsorption kinetics, intraparticle diffusion modeling of adsorption kinetics, O 1s XPS spectra, and SEM–EDX analysis of pristine BC and 1MgP-BC are available in the supplementary information. Additional data are available upon request from the corresponding author.

References

  1. Z. Khan, A. Elahi, D.A. Bukhari, A. Rehman, J. Saudi Chem. Soc. 26, 101569 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Q. Zhai, A. Narbad, W. Chen, Nutrients 7, 552–571 (2015)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. B. Qiu, X. Tao, H. Wang, W. Li, X. Ding, H. Chu, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 155, 105081 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. F.S. Higashikawa, R.F. Conz, M. Colzato, C.E.P. Cerri, L.R.F. Alleoni, J. Cleaner Prod. 137, 965–972 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. L.C.A. Melo, A.R. Coscione, C.A. Abreu, A.P. Puga, O.A. Camargo, BioResources 8, 4992–5004 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Y. Ngernyen, D. Petsri, K. Sribanthao, K. Kongpennit, P. Pinijnam, R. Pedsakul, A.J. Hunt, RSC Adv. 13, 14712–14728 (2023)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. F. Huang, L.Y. Gao, J.H. Deng, S.H. Chen, K.Z. Cai, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 25, 28322–28334 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. H. Peng, P. Gao, G. Chu, B. Pan, J. Peng, B. **ng, Environ. Pollut. 229, 846–853 (2017)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. G. Yin, L. Tao, X. Chen, N.S. Bolan, B. Sarkar, Q. Lin, H. Wang, J. Hazard. Mater. 420, 126487 (2021)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. X. Qi, H. Yin, M. Zhu, X. Yu, P. Shao, Z. Dang, Chemosphere 294, 133733 (2022)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. H. Zhang, S. Ke, M. **a, X. Bi, J. Shao, S. Zhang, H. Chen, Environ. Pollut. 285, 117459 (2021)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. H. Chen, W. Li, J. Wang, H. Xu, Y. Liu, Z. Zhang, Y. Li, Y. Zhang, Bioresour. Technol. 292, 121948 (2019)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. E.S. Penido, L.C.A. Melo, L.R.G. Guilherme, M.L. Bianchi, Sci. Total. Environ. 671, 1134–1143 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. S. Suwanree, J.T.N. Knijnenburg, P. Kasemsiri, W. Kraithong, P. Chindaprasirt, K. Jetsrisuparb, Biomass Bioener. 156, 106304 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. K. Jetsrisuparb, T. Jeejaila, C. Saengthip, P. Kasemsiri, Y. Ngernyen, P. Chindaprasirt, J.T.N. Knijnenburg, RSC Adv. 12, 30539–30548 (2022)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. J.S.D.S. Carneiro, J.F. Lustosa Filho, B.O. Nardis, J. Ribeiro-Soares, Y.L. Zinn, L.C.A. Melo, ACS Sustainable Chem Eng. 6, 14203–14212 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. L. Zhao, X. Cao, W. Zheng, J.W. Scott, B.K. Sharma, X. Chen, ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 4, 1630–1636 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. J.T.N. Knijnenburg, P. Kasemsiri, W. Kaewpradit, T. Tarinta, W. Jantapa, T. Jeejaila, C. Saengthip, K. Jetsrisuparb, Biomass Convers. Biorefin 1–11(2023).

  19. N. Abeysinghe, K. Jetsrisuparb, K.H.T. Karunarathna, E.P.S. Chandana, S. Suwanree, P. Kasemsiri, P. Chindaprasirt, J.T.N. Knijnenburg, J. Met Mater. Miner. 32, 124–133 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. M. Smith, L. Scudiero, J. Espinal, J.S. McEwen, M. Garcia-Perez, Carbon 110, 155–171 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. K.S. Siow, L. Britcher, S. Kumar, H.J. Griesser, Sains Malaysiana 47, 1913–1922 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. H.N. Tran, S.J. You, H.P. Chao, Waste Manage. Res. 34, 129–138 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. F. Qi, Y. Yan, D. Lamb, R. Naidu, N.S. Bolan, Y. Liu, Y.S. Ok, S.W. Donne, K.T. Semple, Bioresour. Technol. 246, 48–56 (2017)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. A. Chumpiboon, K. Thongsubsai, T. Pongsiri, J.T.N. Knijnenburg, Y. Ngernyen, Eng. Appl. Sci. Res. 49, 381–394 (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  25. J.F. Porter, G. McKay, K.H. Choy, Chem. Eng. Sci. 54, 5863–5885 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. L. Zhao, W. Zheng, O. Mašek, X. Chen, B. Gu, B.K. Sharma, X. Cao, J. Environ. Qual. 46, 393–401 (2017)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. K.Z. Acosta, F. Carrasco-Marin, F.B. Cortés, C.A. Franco, S.H. Lopera, B.A. Rojano, Nanomaterials 9, 500 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. P.J.M. Carrott, M.M.L. Ribeiro Carrott, P.A.M. Mourão, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 75, 120–127 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. G. Chu, J. Zhao, Y. Huang, D. Zhou, Y. Liu, M. Wu, H. Peng, Q. Zhao, B. Pan, C.E.W. Steinberg, Environ. Pollut. 240, 1–9 (2018)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. M. Borni, M. Hajji, A.H. Hamzaoui, M. Triki, SILICON 14, 8939–8948 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. J.F. Lustosa Filho, E.S. Penido, P.P. Castro, C.A. Silva, L.C.A. Melo, ACS Sustainable Chem Eng. 5, 9043–9052 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. B. Li, L. Yang, C.Q. Wang, Q.P. Zhang, Q.C. Liu, Y.D. Li, R. **ao, Chemosphere 175, 332–340 (2017)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. D. Rai, A.R. Felmy, R.W. Szelmeczka, J. Solution Chem. 20, 375–390 (1991)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. I.A.W. Tan, J.C. Chan, B.H. Hameed, L.L.P. Lim, J. Water Process Eng. 14, 60–70 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Y. Deng, X. Li, F. Ni, Q. Liu, Y. Yang, M. Wang, T. Ao, W. Chen, Water (Switzerland) 13, 599 (2021)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Y. Deng, S. Huang, D.A. Laird, X. Wang, C. Dong, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 25, 32418–32432 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. C.W. Cheung, J.F. Porter, G. McKay, Water Res. 35, 605–612 (2001)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. H. Hajjaoui, A. Soufi, M. Abdennouri, S. Qourzal, H. Tounsadi, N. Barka, Appl. Surf. Sci. Adv. 9, 100263 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. J. Wu, T. Wang, J. Wang, Y. Zhang, W.P. Pan, Sci. Total. Environ. 754, 142150 (2021)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. T. Chi, J. Zuo, F. Liu, Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 11, 15 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Y. Lai, X. Liang, G. Yin, S. Yang, J. Wang, H. Zhu, H. Yu, J. Mol. Struct. 1004, 188–192 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. W. Jastrzebski, M. Sitarz, M. Rokita, K. Bułat, Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 79, 722–727 (2011)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. F.Z. Cherif, M. Taibi, A. Boukhari, A. Assani, M. Saadi, L. El Ammari, Acta Crystallogr Sect E: Crystallogr Commun 79, 1155–1160 (2023)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. M. Uchimiya, L.H. Wartelle, K.T. Klasson, C.A. Fortier, I.M. Lima, J. Agric. Food Chem. 59, 2501–2510 (2011)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. X. Xu, X. Cao, L. Zhao, H. Wang, H. Yu, B. Gao, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 20, 358–368 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. S. Fan, H. Li, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J. Tang, J. Tang, X. Li, Res. Chem. Intermed. 44, 135–154 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. L. Trakal, D. Bingöl, M. Pohořelý, M. Hruška, M. Komárek, Bioresour. Technol. 171, 442–451 (2014)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. T. Chen, Z. Zhou, R. Han, R. Meng, H. Wang, W. Lu, Chemosphere 134, 286–293 (2015)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. J.C. Camacho-Chab, M.D.R. Castañeda-Chávez, M.J. Chan-Bacab, R.N. Aguila-Ramírez, I. Galaviz-Villa, P. Bartolo-Pérez, F. Lango-Reynoso, C. Tabasco-Novelo, C. Gaylarde, B.O. Ortega-Morales, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 15, 314 (2018)

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  50. Q. Chen, J. Qin, Z. Cheng, L. Huang, P. Sun, L. Chen, G. Shen, Chemosphere 199, 402–408 (2018)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. K. Huang, C. Hu, Q. Tan, M. Yu, S. Shabala, L. Yang, X. Sun, Chemosphere 305, 135471 (2022)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. A. Majjane, A. Chahine, M. Et-Tabirou, B. Echchahed, T.O. Do, P.M. Breen, Mater. Chem. Phys. 143, 779–787 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. B. Pan, Q. Zhang, W. Du, W. Zhang, B. Pan, Q. Zhang, Z. Xu, Q. Zhang, Water Res. 41, 3103–3111 (2007)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. C. **ong, W. Wang, F. Tan, F. Luo, J. Chen, X. Qiao, J. Hazard. Mater. 299, 664–674 (2015)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. S.K. Thakur, N.K. Tomar, S.B. Pandeya, Geoderma 130, 240–249 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. S. Bashir, J. Zhu, Q. Fu, H. Hu, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 25, 11875–11883 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. O.R. Harvey, B.E. Herbert, R.D. Rhue, L.J. Kuo, Environ. Sci. Technol. 45, 5550–5556 (2011)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. R.C. Ropp, R.W. Mooney, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 82, 4848–4852 (1960)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Wimonporn Iamamorphan for the assistance with AAS analysis, and Yuvarat Ngernyen and Totsaporn Suwannaruang for the insightful discussions.

Funding

This work was financially supported by Research and Graduate Studies, Khon Kaen University, and the Graduate School, Khon Kaen University (Research Fund for Supporting Lecturer to Admit High Potential Student to Study and Research on His Expert Program Year 2022).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

    Siraprapa Suwanree, Kaewta Jetsrisuparb & Pornnapa Kasemsiri

  2. Sustainable Infrastructure Research and Development Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

    Kaewta Jetsrisuparb, Pornnapa Kasemsiri & Jesper T. N. Knijnenburg

  3. Physical Characterization Property Laboratory, NSTDA Characterization and Testing Service Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand

    Pawarin Tharamas

  4. Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan

    Hiroshi Uyama

  5. National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand

    Sanchai Kuboon

  6. International College, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

    Jesper T. N. Knijnenburg

Authors
  1. Siraprapa Suwanree
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kaewta Jetsrisuparb
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Pornnapa Kasemsiri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Pawarin Tharamas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Hiroshi Uyama
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Sanchai Kuboon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Jesper T. N. Knijnenburg
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Siraprapa Suwanree: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, data curation, writing—original draft, visualization; Kaewta Jetsrisuparb: conceptualization, methodology, validation, resources, writing – review & editing, supervision, project administration, funding acquisition; Pornnapa Kasemsiri: resources, writing – review & editing, funding acquisition; Pawarin Tharamas: investigation; Hiroshi Uyama: writing – review & editing; Sanchai Kuboon: methodology, writing – review & editing; Jesper T.N. Knijnenburg: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, data curation, writing – review & editing, visualization, project administration, funding acquisition.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jesper T. N. Knijnenburg.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interests

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (PDF 893 KB)

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Suwanree, S., Jetsrisuparb, K., Kasemsiri, P. et al. Influence of magnesium content and phosphoric acid treatment on cadmium adsorption onto sugarcane leaf biochar. Res Chem Intermed (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-024-05329-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-024-05329-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation