Abstract
Purpose
Atriplex canescens adapts to saline soils by sequestering excessive Na+ in salt bladders on the surface of aerial tissues, which is a complex comprising epidermal cells (ECs), stalk cells (SCs) and epidermal bladder cells (EBCs). However, the mechanism of how Na+ enters salt bladders of A. canescens is not yet clear. We previously identified two A. canescens HKT1 genes that might be related to Na+ sequestration in salt bladders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the function of AcHKT1 genes in Na+ secretion.
Results
Two AcHKT1 genes were cloned; AcHKT1;1 was largely expressed in roots, while AcHKT1;2 was mainly expressed in shoots and strongly induced by NaCl. Heterologous expression of AcHKT1;2 aggravated the Na+-sensitive phenotype in yeast. This result was further confirmed in Xenopus system, in which AcHKT1;2 exerted high selectivity for Na+, indicating that AcHKT1;2 functions as a plasma membrane-localized Na+ transporter and mediates robust Na+ influx at the cellular level. Interestingly, AcHKT1;2 expression in leaves was significantly reduced once salt bladders were removed from the leaf surfaces; in particular, it had the greatest impact on the expression in mature leaves with the strongest activity toward ion secretion, suggesting that AcHKT1;2 was predominantly expressed in the EC-SC-EBC complex of A. canescens leaves.
Conclusions
AcHKT1;2 is a key candidate transporter involved in mediating the entry of Na+ into A. canescens EBCs, thereby facilitating continuous Na+ sequestration in EBCs to ensure the survival of plants in harsh saline environments.
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Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We are very grateful to Dr. Le-Gong Li from Capital Normal University, China, for his valuable suggestions about electrophysiological experiments. We thank the editors and anonymous reviewers for their constructive suggestions.
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This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31730093, 31971761, 32101253) and the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province, China (20JR5RA241).
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A-K B, S-M W and H G conceived and designed the study. H G, Y-N C, L Z, S F and Z-J R performed the experiments. H G wrote the manuscript. H G, S-M W, A-K B and Y-N C revised the manuscript. All author read and approved the final manuscript.
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Guo, H., Cui, YN., Zhang, L. et al. AcHKT1;2 is a candidate transporter mediating the influx of Na+ into the salt bladder of Atriplex canescens. Plant Soil 483, 607–624 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05769-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05769-8