Abstract
Background
The natural removal of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere through land conservation, restoration, and management is receiving increasing attention as a scalable approach for climate change mitigation. However, different land-use sectors compete for resources and incentives within and across geopolitical regions, resulting in divergent goals and inefficient prioritization of CO2 removal efforts. Thus, a unifying framework is needed to accelerate basic research and coordinated interventions to accelerate climate change mitigation.
Scope
We propose a generalizable framework for Enhanced Natural Climate Solutions (NCS +), which we define as activities that can be coordinated to increase carbon drawdown and permanence on land while improving livelihoods and the provision of natural resources in vulnerable communities and ecosystems. The framework builds on interdisciplinary scientific convergence, including critical socioecological interactions, to inform both top-down policy incentives and bottom-up adoption by industries and managers. To achieve this goal, we suggest a multi-tiered approach for the prioritization of projects at local to regional scales that would simultaneously accelerate scientific discovery and broad implementation of CO2 removal projects.
Conclusions
Our vision leverages input from hundreds of researchers and land managers, including social and environmental scientists as well as representatives from tribal governments, state, and federal agencies in the Pacific Northwest of the USA, as a model system. Five guiding principles orient the framework which would be applicable in any region. As evidence of feasibility, we provide a synthesis of interdisciplinary studies that illustrate how coordinated action, with explicit consideration of system-specific technical and socioecological limitations, can lead to scalable projects with multiple co-benefits. Using theory as a linchpin for innovation, we propose that NCS + could better align climate change mitigation, adaptation, and justice goals at multiple scales.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the National Science Foundation Convergence Accelerator Program (Landscape Carbon Sequestration for Atmospheric Recovery. Grant #1939511) and all participating scientists, practitioners, policy scholars, state and tribal representatives whose pilot ideas helped inspire this piece. As organizers of the first NCS+ conference we would like to thank all contributors listed below:
Convergence Accelerator Contributors (2019)
Alex Philp | University of Montana |
Alyden Donnelly | NORI Carbon Removal Marketplace |
Andrew Gray | PNW Research Station, US Forest Service |
Caroline Fish | University of Oregon |
Christine Shirley | Dep. of Land Conservation & Development |
Dana Chadwick | Stanford University |
Daniel Dietz | McKenzie River Trust |
David Diaz | EcoTrust |
Don Motanic | Intertribal Timber Council |
Gary Morishima | Quinault Management Center |
Grant Scheve | AGRA Marketing |
Heidi Huber-Stearns | University of Oregon |
Henry Luan | University of Oregon |
Jen-Moore Kucera | American Farmland Trust |
John Bolte | Oregon State University |
Joseph Sexton | Terra Pulse |
Karl Morgenstern | Eugene Water & Electric Board |
Kory Russel | University of Oregon |
Lauren Hallett | University of Oregon |
Lee Rahr | Sustainable Northwest |
Lisamarie Windham-Myers | USGS, CA |
Mason Earles | University of California, Davis |
Matthew Polizzotto | University of Oregon |
Melissa Lucash | Portland State University |
Pamela Conrad | CMG Landscape Architecture |
Stephen Lawn | AGRA Biochar Tech Implementation |
Steve Perakis | USGS, OR |
William Horwath | University of California, Davis |
Yekang Ko | University of Oregon |
Michele Smith | JD Environmental and Natural Resources University of Oregon |
Barbara Bomfim | Postdoctoral Fellow Soil–Plant-Atmosphere Research Lab University of Oregon |
Robert Mellinger | JD candidate Environmental and Natural Resources University of Oregon |
Jamie Wright | PhD candidate Environmental Sciences Studies & Policy University of Oregon |
Schyler Reis | PhD candidate Environmental Sciences Studies & Policy University of Oregon |
Adriana Uscanga | PhD candidate Geography University of Oregon |
Callie Barret | JD candidate Environmental and Natural Resources University of Oregon |
Zachary Griffith | JD candidate Environmental and Natural Resources University of Oregon |
Deanna Lynn | MS candidate Landscape Architecture University of Oregon |
Markus Koeneke | MS candidate Earth Sciences University of Oregon |
Apple Goeckner | Environmental and Natural Resources Program Manager University of Oregon |
Sustainable Regional Systems Research Network Contributors (2021)
Jake Searcy | UO |
Michael Coughlan | UO |
Lauren Hallett | UO |
John Arroyo | UO |
Peg Boulay | UO |
Bryan Rebar | UO |
Heidi Huber-Stearns | UO |
Brendan Bohannan | UO |
Shawn Bourque | Karuk Tribe |
Michelle Totman | Tulalip Tribes |
Darin Jarnaghan | Coquille Tribe |
John Bolte | OSU |
Kate Lajtha | OSU |
Christopher Still | OSU |
Chad Hanson | OSU |
Jennifer Moore | American Farmer Trust |
Kristin Trippe | USDA ARS |
Joshua Fu | U Tennessee |
Forrest Hoffman | U Tennessee |
Craig Cornu | Institute For Applied Eco. |
Laura Brophy | Institute For Applied Eco. |
Amy Borde | PNNL |
Christopher Janousek | OSU |
Dennis Baldocchi | UC Berkeley |
Patty Oikawa | CA State U |
Lisamarie Windham-Myers | USGS |
Steve Deverel | Hydorfocus |
Heida Diefenderfer | UW/PNNL |
Dana Chadwick | U Texas |
Julia Jones | OSU |
Joseph Sexton | Terrapulsc |
Varsha Vijay | Terrapulsc |
Min Feng | TerrapuIse |
Panshi Wang | TerrapuIse |
Doug Toomey | UO |
Lauren Ponisio | UO |
Ryan Light | UO |
Nicolas Morar | UO |
Wanda Crannell | OSU |
Ricardo Mata Gonzalez | OSU |
Sam Angima | OSU |
Jessica Halofsky | NW Climate Hub |
Daniel Dietz | McKenzie River Trust |
Jared Weybright | McKenzieWatershed Counc. |
Stefanie Simpson | The Nature Conservancy |
Katie MacKendrick | LongTomWatershed Counc. |
Bree Yednock | SSNER |
Ernie Niemi | Natural Resource Econ |
Steven Lawn | S Vall. Consult. |
Kyler Sherry | Climate Trust |
Elizabeth Verhoeven | OSU Exten. Serv. |
Eric Richardson | NAACP |
Ben Bond-Lamberty | UW/PNNL |
Jeff Diez | UO |
Micheal Nelson | HJ Andrews |
Mark Schulze | HJ Andrews |
Toby Maxwell | Boise State U |
Barbara Bomfim | LBL |
Jianwei Zhang | USFS |
Alex Philip | U Montana |
Steven Perakis | USGS |
Sharon Stanton | PNW Res. Stn. |
Mark Johnston | Coquille Tribe |
David Bell | USFS |
Cassie Bordelon | WA DNR |
Michael Peterson | CA Dept Insurance |
Karl Morgenstern | Eugene Water & Electric Brd |
Gregory Jones | Evenstad Center for Wine Ed. |
Tamy Livner | NW Natural |
Scott Settelmyer | TerraCarbon |
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Silva, L.C.R., Wood, M.C., Johnson, B.R. et al. A generalizable framework for enhanced natural climate solutions. Plant Soil 479, 3–24 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05472-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05472-8