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What can feruloyl esterases do for us?

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Abstract

The role of feruloyl esterases in plant wall development, in gut health, and in the breakdown of plant biomass for the production of bioactive phytochemicals and biofuel is covered in this review. These enzymes have potential roles in stomatal cell function and the phenolic substitutions and cross-linkages between plant cell wall components. As more plant genomes are sequenced, the role of ferulic acid and feruloyl esterases in planta may be better understood. In human and ruminal digestion, these enzymes are important to de-esterify dietary fibre, releasing hydroxycinnamates and derivatives which have been shown to have positive health effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activities. They are also involved in colonic fermentation where their extracellular and intracellular activities in the microbiota improve the breakdown of polysaccharides and increase microbial production of short chain fatty acids. Their specificity can also be employed to synthesize bioactive compounds for cosmetic and health applications. The enzymatic disassembly of cereal straws is greatly enhanced when feruloyl esterase activity is present, although the substrate specificity of the esterase appears to have some bearing on its optimal application. The involvement of feruloyl esterases in the improved enzymatic and microbial saccharification of cereal-derived material demonstrates a high importance for these enzymes in animal feed preparation and bioalcohol production.

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Abbreviations

AnFaeA:

Type-A feruloyl esterase from Aspergillus niger

AnFaeB:

Type-B feruloyl esterase from Aspergillus niger

CA:

Caffeic acid

ChlA:

Chlorogenic acid

CLEA:

Cross-linked enzyme aggregate

diFA:

Diferulic acid

DPPH:

1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl

FA:

Ferulic acid

FAE:

Feruloyl esterase

GH10:

Glycoside hydrolase family 10

GH11:

Glycoside hydrolase family 11

HCA:

Hydroxycinnamic acids

kDa:

One thousand Dalton units

LDL:

Low-density lipoprotein

MCA:

Methyl caffeate

MFA:

Methyl ferulate

MpCA:

Methyl p-coumarate

MSA:

Methyl sinapate

pCA:

p-Coumaric acid

SA:

Sinapic acid

StFaeC:

Type-C feruloyl esterase from Sporotrichum thermosporum

TsFaeC:

Type-C feruloyl esterase from Talaromyces stipitatus

WB:

Wheat bran

WS:

Wheat straw

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Acknowledgments

The Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), UK, is kindly thanked for financial support.

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  1. Craig B. Faulds

    Present address: Biotechnology for Lignocellulosic Biomass Research Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Campus Universidad, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain

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  1. Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, NR4 7UA, UK

    Craig B. Faulds

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Faulds, C.B. What can feruloyl esterases do for us?. Phytochem Rev 9, 121–132 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-009-9156-2

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