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Different responses of young and expanded lettuce leaves to fungicide Mancozeb: chlorophyll fluorescence, lipid peroxidation, pigments and proline content

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Photosynthetica

Abstract

This work aimed to study the effects of commercial doses of the fungicide, Mancozeb, on the photosynthetic apparatus of lettuce young leaves (YL) and expanded leaves (EL). Seven days after Mancozeb application, chlorophyll a fluorescence, pigment contents, lipid peroxidation, and proline content were evaluated. Independently of leaf age, Mancozeb treatment reduced the efficiency of photosystem II photochemistry, increased the nonphotochemical quenching and proline content, decreased pigment contents, and induced lipid peroxidation. Moreover, EL showed a more stable photosynthetic apparatus, less prone to oxidative damages compared with YL. The parameters measured proved to be good markers for the rapid and preliminary diagnosis of fungicide toxicity.

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Abbreviations

C:

control

Chl:

chlorophyll

DM:

dry mass

EL:

expanded leaves

Fv/Fm :

maximal efficiency of PSII

MDA:

malondialdehyde

NPQ:

nonphotochemical quenching

PSII:

photosystem II

qP:

photochemical quenching

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

YL:

young leaves

ϕPSII :

effective quantum efficiency of PSII

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810, Aveiro, Portugal

    M. C. Dias & C. Santos

  2. CICECO & Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal

    P. Figueiredo, I. F. Duarte & A. M. Gil

Authors
  1. M. C. Dias
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  2. P. Figueiredo
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  3. I. F. Duarte
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  4. A. M. Gil
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  5. C. Santos
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. C. Dias.

Additional information

Acknowledgements: This work was supported by Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology through a post-doctoral fellowship of M.C. Dias (SFRH/BPD/41700/2007). A.M. Gil acknowledges funding from the European Regional Development Fund-FEDER through the Competitive Factors Thematic Operational Programme-COMPETE and the Foundation for Science and Technology-FCT, Portugal (PEst-C/CTM/LA0011/2011).

Authors’ contributions: M.C. Dias and C. Santos contributed equally to the planning of the experiment. M.C. Dias and P. Figueiredo performed most of the experiments in the laboratory. M.C. Dias and C. Santos performed the statistical analyses, interpreted data, and wrote most of the manuscript. A. Gil and I.F. Duarte collaborated in the statistical analyses, data interpretation, and in the manuscript revision.

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Dias, M.C., Figueiredo, P., Duarte, I.F. et al. Different responses of young and expanded lettuce leaves to fungicide Mancozeb: chlorophyll fluorescence, lipid peroxidation, pigments and proline content. Photosynthetica 52, 148–151 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-014-0016-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-014-0016-y

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