SpringerLink
Log in

Aeromagnetic and Geochemical Signatures in the Chinese Western Tianshan: Implications for Tectonic Setting and Mineral Exploration

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Natural Resources Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The Chinese Western Tianshan (CWT) region has experienced complicated accretionary and collisional orogenic processes and represents a key region for improving our understanding of the tectonic framework and metallogeny of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. In the present study, aeromagnetic and geochemical data, together with geological knowledge, are employed to constrain the structural architecture and mineral potential in the CWT region. Magnetic filtering techniques including reduction-to-the-pole, upward continuation, tilt derivative and first-order vertical derivative were applied to reveal prominent magnetic signatures such as magnetic lineaments/boundaries, major structural trends and possible magnetic sources that could be related to deep-seated faults, shallow/deep geological bodies or ore deposits. Based on magnetic and geological interpretation, the CWT region can be redefined as five magnetic domains (i.e., Boluokenu, Awulale, Tekes, Nalati-Baluntai and Nantianshan) divided by interpreted faults. These faults represent the edges of the tectonic domains and are possible deep structures and suture zones over the basement of the CWT region and adjacent areas. Different lithologies often share similar magnetic responses depicted by similar amplitudes and magnetic textures, which inevitably lead to ambiguity when inferring and interpreting geological genesis based on magnetic signatures. Geochemical signatures produced from compositional balance analysis of geochemical data were assessed with respect to magnetic signatures to detect the distributions of intrusive rocks and mineral prospecting areas and constrain the magnetic interpretation. Our studies indicate that synthesis of aeromagnetic and geochemical data promotes understanding of regional metallogeny and tectonic architecture of the Chinese Western Tianshan region.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10
Figure 11
Figure 12
Figure 13
Figure 14

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aitken, A. R., & Betts, P. G. (2009). Multi-scale integrated structural and aeromagnetic analysis to guide tectonic models: An example from the eastern Musgrave Province, Central Australia. Tectonophysics, 476(3–4), 418–435.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alexeiev, D. V., Biske, Y. S., Djenchuraeva, A. V., Wang, B., Kossovaya, O. L., Zhong, L., & Savitskiy, Y. V. (2019a). Lower Moscovian limestones of the Bogdashan range (NW China) as an indicator of cessation of arc magmatism in the Junggar region. Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation, 27(1), 51–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alexeiev, D. V., Biske, Y. S., Wang, B., Djenchuraeva, A. V., Getman, O. F., Aristov, V. A., Kröner, A., Liu, H., & Zhong, L. (2015). Tectono-stratigraphic framework and Palaeozoic evolution of the Chinese South Tianshan. Geotectonics, 49(2), 93–122.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alexeiev, D. V., Kröner, A., Hegner, E., Rojas-Agramonte, Y., Biske, Y. S., Wong, J., Geng, H. Y., Ivleva, E. A., Mühlberg, M., Mikolaichuk, A. V., & Liu, D. (2016). Middle to Late Ordovician arc system in the Kyrgyz Middle Tianshan: From arc-continent collision to subsequent evolution of a Palaeozoic continental margin. Gondwana Research, 39, 261–291.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alexeiev, D. V., Kröner, A., Kovach, V. P., Tretyakov, A. A., Rojasagramonte, Y., Degtyarev, K. E., Mikolaichuk, A. V., Wong, J., & Kiselev, V. V. (2019b). Evolution of Cambrian and Early Ordovician arcs in the Kyrgyz North Tianshan: Insights from U–Pb zircon ages and geochemical data. Gondwana Research, 66, 93–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • An, F., & Zhu, Y. F. (2008). Study on trace elements geochemistry and SHRIMP chronology of volcanic rocks in Tulasu Basin, Northwest Tianshan. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 24(12), 2741–2748. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, E. D., Zhou, W., Li, Y., Hitzman, M. W., Monecke, T., Lang, J. R., & Kelley, K. D. (2014). Three-dimensional distribution of igneous rocks near the Pebble porphyry Cu–Au–Mo deposit in southwestern Alaska: Constraints from regional-scale aeromagnetic data. Geophysics, 79(2), 63–79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bai, J. K., Li, Z. P., Xu, X. Y., & Li, T. (2015b). Tectonic environment of Western Tianshan during the early Carboniferous: Sedimentary and stratigraphical evidence from the bottom of the Dahalajunshan formation. Acta Sedimentological Sinica, 33(3), 459–469. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bai, J. K., Li, Z. P., Xu, X. Y., Sui, J. M., & Niu, Y. Z. (2015a). Carboniferous volcanic-sedimentary succession and basin properties in Ili area, western Tianshan, **njiang. Geological Review, 61(1), 195–206. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Baranov, V., & Naudy, H. (1964). Numerical calculation of the formula of reduction to the magnetic pole. Geophysics, 22, 67–79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Betts, P. G., & Lister, G. S. (2002). Geodynamically indicated targeting strategy for shale-hosted massive sulfide Pb–Zn–Ag mineralisation in the Western Fold Belt, Mt Isa terrane. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 49(6), 985–1010.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bierlein, F. P., Groves, D. I., Goldfarb, R. J., & Dubé, B. (2006). Lithospheric controls on the formation of provinces hosting giant orogenic gold deposits. Mineralium Deposita, 40(8), 874–886.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blakely, R. J. (1996). Potential theory in gravity and magnetic applications (p. 441). Cambridge University Press.

  • Cai, K., Long, X., Chen, H., Sun, M., & **ao, W. (2018). Accretionary and collisional orogenesis in the south domain of the western Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 153, 1–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cai, K., Sun, M., Yuan, C., Zhao, G., **ao, W., Long, X., & Wu, F. (2011). Prolonged magmatism, juvenile nature and tectonic evolution of the Chinese Altai, NW China: Evidence from zircon U–Pb and Hf isotopic study of Paleozoic granitoids. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 42(5), 949–968.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Charvet, J., Shu, L., Laurent-Charvet, S., Wang, B., Faure, M., Cluzel, D., Chen, Y., & De Jong, K. (2011). Palaeozoic tectonic evolution of the Tianshan belt, NW China. Science China-Earth Sciences, 54(2), 166–184.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Che, Z. C., Liu, L., Liu, H. F., & Luo, J. H. (1996). Review on the ancient Yili rift, **njiang, China. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 12(3), 476–490. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, H., Bao, J., Zhang, Z., Liu, Y., Ni, P., & Ling, H. (2000). Isotope indication to source of ore materials and fluids of the Wangfeng gold deposit in Tianshan: A case study of metallogenesis during collisional orogenesis. Science in China Series d: Earth Sciences, 30(S1), 45–52. (in Chinese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, H., Wan, B., Pirajno, F., Chen, Y., & **ao, B. (2018). Metallogenesis of the **njiang Orogens, NW China—New discoveries and ore genesis. Ore Geology Reviews, 100, 1–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Y. J., Li, X., **g, J., Gao, X., Chen, H. Y., Wu, X. D., & Wu, D. H. (1998). Study of ore-forming fluid for the Wangfeng gold deposit of **njiang and its genetic implication. Acta Geoscientia Sinica, 19(2), 195–203. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, D. A. (2014). Magnetic effects of hydrothermal alteration in porphyry copper and iron-oxide copper–gold systems: A review. Tectonophysics, 624, 46–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coleman, R. G. (1989). Continental growth of northwest China. Tectonics, 8, 621–635.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper, G. R. J., & Cowan, D. R. (2004). Filtering using variable order vertical derivatives. Computers & Geosciences, 30(5), 455–459.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dai, J., Xue, C., Chi, G., Ji, H., Zhao, X., Zhao, Y., Li, J., & Symons, D. T. A. (2019). Geological, geochronological and geochemical characteristics and genesis of the Arqiale skarn Zn–Pb deposit, Western Tianshan, Northwest China. Ore Geology Reviews, 106, 79–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dong, L., Wan, B., Yang, W., Deng, C., Chen, Z., Yang, L., Cai, K., & **ao, W. (2016). Rb–Sr geochronology of single gold-bearing pyrite grains from the Katbasu gold deposit in the South Tianshan, China and its geological significance. Ore Geology Reviews, 100, 99–110.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dong, L. H., Feng, J., Zhuang, D., Li, F., Qu, X., Liu, D., & Tang, Y. L. (2011b). Discussion of metallogenic models, mineralization characteristic and main type of rich iron ore of **njiang. **njiang Geology, 29(4), 416–422. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Dong, L. H., Zhu, Z. X., Qu, X., Wang, K. Z., & Zhao, T. Y. (2010). Spatial distribution, geological features and latest research progress of the main ophiolite zones in **njiang, NW-China. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 26(10), 2894–2904. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Dong, Y., Zhang, G., Neubauer, F., Liu, X., Hauzenberger, C., Zhou, D., & Li, W. (2011a). Syn- and post-collisional granitoids in the Central Tianshan orogen: Geochemistry, geochronology and implications for tectonic evolution. Gondwana Research, 20(2), 568–581.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Egozcue, J. J., & Pawlowsky-Glahn, V. (2005). Groups of parts and their balances in compositional data analysis. Mathematical Geology, 37, 795–828.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fan, Z. L., Zhang, X. L., & Yu, X. Z. (2012). Research and application on the magnetic susceptibility of rocks and ores in West Tianshan area. Urban Geology, 7(3), 41–46. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fullagar, P. K., Pears, G., Hutton, D., & Thompson, A. (2004). 3D gravity and aeromagnetic inversion for MVT lead–zinc exploration at Pillara, Western Australia. Exploration Geophysics, 35, 142–146.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gao, J., Li, M., **ao, X., Tang, Y., & He, G. (1998). Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Tianshan Orogen, northwestern China. Tectonophysics, 287(1–4), 213–231.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gao, J., Long, L., Klemd, R., Qian, Q., Liu, D., **ong, X., Su, W., Liu, W., Wang, Y., & Yang, F. (2009). Tectonic evolution of the South Tianshan orogen and adjacent regions, NW China: Geochemical and age constraints of granitoid rocks. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 98(6), 1221–1238.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ge, S., Zhai, M., Safonova, I., Li, D., Zhu, X., Zuo, P., & Shan, H. (2015). Whole-rock geochemistry and Sr–Nd–Pb isotope systematics of the Late Carboniferous volcanic rocks of the Awulale metallogenic belt in the western Tianshan Mountains (NW China): Petrogenesis and geodynamical implications. Lithos, 228–229, 62–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Groves, D. I., Goldfarb, R. J., Gebre-Mariam, M., Hagemann, S. G., & Robert, F. (1998). Orogenic gold deposits: A proposed classification in the context of their crustal distribution and relationship to other gold deposit types. Ore Geology Reviews, 13(1), 7–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gu, F. H., Zhang, Y. M., Peng, Y. W., Wang, X. L., Liu, R. P., Cao, J. L., & Liu, Z. J. (2017). Geochemistry, chronology and geological significance of Kuokuqueke granite in the West Tianshan Mountain, **njiang Autonomous region, China. Acta Mineralogica Sinica, 37(1–2), 196–217. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gu, X., Dong, L., Peng, Y., Wang, X., Yuan, P., & Zhu, B. (2016). Formation and evolution of the epithermal-porphyry Au polymetallic mineralization system in the Tulasu volcanic basin of the West Tianshan, **njiang. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 32(5), 1283–1300. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gu, X., Zhang, Y., Peng, Y., Zhang, L., Wang, X., Gao, H., Dong, L. H., & Tu, Q. J. (2014a). The Fe–Cu–Mo polymetallic mineralization system related to intermediate-acid intrusions in the Boluokenu metallogenic belt of the West Tianshan, **njiang: Rock-and ore-forming geochemistry and tectonomagmatic evolution. Earth Science Frontiers, 21(5), 156–175. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gu, X., Zhang, Y., Zhou, C., Liu, R., Zhang, Y., Wang, X., Peng, Y. W., Dong, L. H., & Tu, Q. J. (2014b). Intrusive and mineralization ages of the Halegati Fe–Cu polymetallic deposit in the West Tianshan: Evidence from Zircon and molybdenite Re–Os and geochronology. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 33(5), 614–623. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Günther, T., Klemd, R., Zhang, X., Horn, I., & Weyer, S. (2017). In-situ trace element and Fe-isotope studies on magnetite of the volcanic-hosted Zhibo and Chagangnuoer iron ore deposits in the Western Tianshan, NW China. Chemical Geology, 453, 111–127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Han, B., Guo, Z., Zhang, Z., Zhang, L., Chen, J., & Song, B. (2010). Age, geochemistry, and tectonic implications of a late Paleozoic stitching pluton in the North Tian Shan suture zone, western China. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 122(3–4), 627–640.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Han, B., He, G., Wang, X., & Guo, Z. (2011). Late Carboniferous collision between the Tarim and Kazakhstan-Yili terranes in the western segment of the South Tian Shan Orogen, Central Asia, and implications for the Northern **njiang, western China. Earth-Science Reviews, 109, 74–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Han, Y., & Zhao, G. (2018). Final amalgamation of the Tianshan and Junggar orogenic collage in the southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt: Constraints on the closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean. Earth-Science Reviews, 186, 129–152.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Han, Y., Zhao, G., Sun, M., Eizenhöfer, P. R., Hou, W., Zhang, X., Liu, Q., Wang, B., Liu, D., & Xu, B. (2016). Late Paleozoic subduction and collision processes during the amalgamation of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt along the South Tianshan suture zone. Lithos, 246, 1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • He, G., Gu, X., Wang, X., Zhou, C., & Liu, R. (2016). Fluid inclusions and H–O isotopes of the Halegati Fe–Cu deposit in the West Tianshan, **njiang: Implications for ore genesis. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 32(6), 1795–1808. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Henderson, R. G. (1970). On the validity of the use of the upward continuation integral for total magnetic intensity data. Geophysics, 35(5), 916–919.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Henderson, R. G., & Zietz, I. (1949). The computation of second vertical derivatives of geomagnetic fields. Geophysics, 14(4), 508–516.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, A. Q., Wei, G. J., Jahn, B. M., Zhang, J. B., Deng, W. F., & Chen, L. L. (2010). Formation of the 0.9 Ga Neoproterozoic granitoids in the Tianshan Orogen, NW China: Constraints from the SHRIMP zircon age determination and its tectonic significance. Geochimica (bei**g), 39, 197–212. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang, B. T., He, Z. Y., Zong, K. Q., & Zhang, Z. M. (2014). Zircon U–Pb and Hf isotopic study of Neoproterozoic granitic gneisses from the Alatage area, **njiang: Constraints on the Precambrian crustal evolution in the Central Tianshan Block. Chinese Science Bulletin, 59(1), 100–112.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, Z. Y., Long, X. P., Kröner, A., Yuan, C., Wang, Q., Sun, M., Zhao, G., & Wang, Y. (2013). Geochemistry, zircon U–Pb ages and Lu–Hf isotopes of early Paleozoic plutons in the northwestern Chinese Tianshan: Petrogenesis and geological implications. Lithos, 182, 48–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobsen, B. H. (1987). A case for upward continuation as a standard separation filter for potential-field maps. Geophysics, 52(8), 1138–1148.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jahn, B. M. (2004). The Central Asian Orogenic Belt and growth of the continental crust in the Phanerozoic. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 226(1), 73–100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jia, Z. Y., Xue, C. J., Qu, W. J., Zhao, Q., & Zhang, Q. (2011). Geology, S, Pb, O and H isotopic compositions and Re–Os chronology of Kendenggaoer Cu–Mo deposit in **njiang. Mineral Deposits, 30(1), 74–86. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jian, P., Kröner, A., Jahn, B. M., Liu, D. Y., Zhang, W., Shi, Y. R., & Ma, H. (2013). Zircon ages of metamorphic and magmatic rocks within peridotite-bearing mélanges: Crucial time constraints on early Carboniferous extensional tectonics in the Chinese Tianshan. Lithos, 172–173, 243–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang, T., Gao, J., Klemd, R., Qian, Q., Zhang, X., **ong, X. M., Wang, X., Tan, Z., & Chen, B. (2014). Paleozoic ophiolitic mélanges from the South Tianshan Orogen, NW China: Geological, geochemical and geochronological implications for the geodynamic setting. Tectonophysics, 612–613, 106–127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • **, H. L., & Zhang, C. L. (1998). Temporal and spatial evolution of Carboniferous rift in Yili, China. Journal of xi’an Engineering University, 20(2), 29–32. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Joly, A., Porwal, A., & McCuaig, T. C. (2012). Exploration targeting for orogenic gold deposits in the Granites-Tanami Orogen: Mineral system analysis, targeting model and prospectivity analysis. Ore Geology Reviews, 48, 349–383.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kearey, P., & Brooks, M. (2002). An introduction to geophysical exploration (3rd ed.). . Blackwell Science Publication.

  • Kohanpour, F., Lindsay, M. D., Occhipinti, S., & Gorczyk, W. (2018). Structural controls on Proterozoic nickel and gold mineral systems identified from geodynamic modelling and geophysical interpretation, east Kimberley, Western Australia. Ore Geology Reviews, 95, 552–568.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kröner, A., Kovach, V., Alexeiev, D. V., Wang, K., Wong, J., Degtyarev, K. E., & Kozakov, I. (2017). No excessive crustal growth in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt: Further evidence from field relationships and isotopic data. Gondwana Research, 50(3), 135–166.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laurent-Charvet, S., Charvet, J., Monie, P., & Shu, L. S. (2003). Late Paleozoic strike-slip shear zones in eastern central Asia (NW China): New structural and geochronological data. Tectonics, 22(2), 1009. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001TC901047

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lei, R., Wu, C., Chi, G., Gu, L., Dong, L., Qu, X., Jiang, Y. H., & Jiang, S. Y. (2013). The Neoproterozoic Hongliu**g A-type granite in Central Tianshan (NW China): LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb geochronology, geochemistry, Nd–Hf isotope and tectonic significance. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 74, 142–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, N. B., Niu, H. C., Zhang, X. C., Zeng, Q. S., Shan, Q., Li, C. Y., Yan, S., & Yang, W. B. (2015). Age, petrogenesis and tectonic significance of the ferrobasalts in the Chagangnuoer iron deposit, western Tianshan. International Geology Review, 57(9–10), 1218–1238.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, P., Zhao, T. Y., Mu, L. X., Wang, Z., Huang, J., Xu, T., & Feng, J. (2018). The Paleozoic intrusive magmatic sequence and tectonic evolution of Central Tianshan Mountains in **njiang, NW China. Geological Review, 64(1), 91–107. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, S. W., & Xu, D. K. (2007). Geological map of Chinese Tianshan and adjacent areas, scale 1:1000000, 2 sheets. Geology Publishing House. (in Chinese).

  • Li, Y., Liu, Q. Y., Chen, J. H., Li, S. C., Huo, B., & Lai, Y. G. (2007). S-wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle in the Chinese Tianshan region. Science in China Series d: Earth Sciences, 37(3), 344–352. (in Chinese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, Y. J., Wu, L., Li, S. L., Li, G. Y., Shen, R., Li, Z., Wang, Z. Y., & Wang, Z. Y. (2017). Tectonic evolution of Yining Block: Insights from Carboniferous volcanic rocks. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 33(1), 1–15. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, H. S., Wang, B., Shu, L. S., Jahn, B. M., & Lizuka, Y. (2014). Detrital zircon ages of Proterozoic meta-sedimentary rocks and Paleozoic sedimentary cover of the Northern Yili Block: Implications for the tectonics of microcontinents in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Precambrian Research, 252, 209–222.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, S. W., Guo, Z. J., Zhang, Z. C., Li, Q. G., & Zhang, H. F. (2004). Nature of the Precambrian metamorphic blocks in the eastern segment of Central Tianshan: Constraint from geochronology and Nd isotopic geochemistry. Science in China Series d: Earth Sciences, 47(12), 1085–1094.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, W. G., Zhang, J. D., Ban, J. Y., Tian, S. T., Li, P., Li, K. Q., & He, G. Q. (2016b). Zircon SHRIMP U–Pb dating o Nalati Group in western Tianshan and geological significance. **njiang Geology, 34(2), 157–163. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, X., Qian, Q., Su, W., & Li, J. L. (2012). Pluton from Muhanbasitao in the western of Awulale, Western Tianshan: Geochemistry, geochronology and geological implications. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 28(8), 2401–2413. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, Y., Carranza, E. J. M., Zhou, K., & ** for mineral exploration. Natural Resources Research, 28(4), 1269–1283.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, Y., Cheng, Q., Zhou, K., **a, Q., & Wang, X. (2016a). Multivariate analysis for geochemical process identification using stream sediment geochemical data: A perspective from compositional data. Geochemical Journal, 50(4), 293–314.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, Y., Zhou, K., & Carranza, E. J. M. (2018). Compositional balance analysis for geochemical pattern recognition and anomaly map** in the western Junggar region, China. Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis, 18(3), 263–276.

    Google Scholar 

  • Long, L., Gao, J., Klemd, R., Beier, C., Qian, Q., Zhang, X., Wang, J., & Jiang, T. (2011). Geochemical and geochronological studies of granitoid rocks from the Western Tianshan Orogen: Implications for continental growth in the southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Lithos, 126, 321–340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Long, L., Gao, J., Qian, Q., **ong, X., Wang, J., Wang, Y., & Gao, L. M. (2008). Geochemical characteristics and tectonic settings of Carboniferous volcanic rocks from Yili region, western Tianshan. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 24(4), 699–710. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma, X., Shu, L., Meert, J. G., & Li, J. (2014). The Paleozoic evolution of Central Tianshan: Geochemical and geochronological evidence. Gondwana Research, 25(2), 797–819.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ma, Z. P., **a, L. X., Xu, X. Y., **a, Z. C., Li, X. M., & Wang, L. S. (2008). Geochemical characteristics and petrogenesis of the Early Paleozoic igneous rocks from Bayinbuluke, Southern Tianshan. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 24(10), 2289–2300. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, H. G., & Singh, V. (1994). Potential field tilt—A new concept for location of potential field sources. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 32(2–3), 213–217.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mo, J. P., Huang, M. Y., Qin, L. F., & Lu, H. T. (1996). Genesis of continental volcanic type copper deposits in Awulale, **njiang. Mineral Resources and Geology, 10(4), 217–223. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Nabighian, M. N. (1972). The analytic signal of two-dimensional magnetic bodies with polygonal cross-section: Its properties and use for automated anomaly interpretation. Geophysics, 37(3), 507–517.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nabighian, M. N., Hansen, R. O., Lafehr, T. R., Li, Y., Peirce, J. W., Phillips, J. D., & Ruder, M. E. (2005). The historical development of the magnetic method in exploration. Geophysics, 70(6), 33ND-61ND.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Niu, X. L., Yang, J. S., Liu, F., Feng, G. Y., Tian, Y. Z., Zhang, L., Jian, G., & Yijue, Z. (2015). Mineralogical and geochemical constraints on the origin of the ultramafic rocks from Wuwamen ophiolite on the southern margin of Middle Tianshan Mountains, **njiang. Geology in China, 42(5), 1404–1420. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pirajno, F., Mao, J., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z., & Chai, F. (2008). The association of mafic–ultramafic intrusions and A-type magmatism in the Tian Shan and Altay orogens, NW China: Implications for geodynamic evolution and potential for the discovery of new ore deposits. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 32(2–4), 165–183.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pirajno, F., Seltmann, R., & Yang, Y. (2011). A review of mineral systems and associated tectonic settings of northern **njiang, NW China. Geoscience Frontiers, 2(2), 157–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qian, Q., Gao, J., **ong, X. M., Long, L. L., & Huang, D. Z. (2006). Petrogenesis and tectonic settings of Carboniferous volcanic rocks from north Zhaosu, western Tianshan Mountains: Constrains from petrology and geochemistry. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 22(5), 1307–1323. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Roest, W. R., Verhoef, J., & Pilkington, M. (1992). Magnetic interpretation using the 3-D analytic signal. Geophysics, 57, 116–125.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seltmann, R., Porter, T. M., & Pirajno, F. (2014). Geodynamics and metallogeny of the central Eurasian porphyry and related epithermal mineral systems: A review. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 79, 810–841.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sengör, A. M. C., Natal’in, B. A., & Burtman, V. S. (1993). Evolution of the Altaid tectonic collage and Paleozoic crust growth in Eurasia. Nature, 364, 299–307.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shu, L. S., Chen, Y. T., Lu, H. F., Charvet, J., Laurent-Charvet, S., & Yin, D. H. (2000). Paleozoic accretionary terranes in Northern Tianshan, NW China. Journal of Chinese Geochemistry, 19(3), 193–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shu, L. S., Guo, Z. J., Zhu, W. B., Lu, H. F., & Wang, B. (2004). Post-collision tectonism and basin-range evolution in the Tianshan belt. Geological Journal of China Universities, 10(3), 393–404.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spampinato, G. P. T., Betts, P. G., Ailleres, L., & Armit, R. J. (2015). Structural architecture of the southern Mount Isa terrane in Queensland inferred from magnetic and gravity data. Precambrian Research, 269, 261–280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart, J. R., Betts, P. G., Collins, A. S., & Schaefer, B. F. (2009). Multi-scale analysis of Proterozoic shear zones: an integrated structural and geophysical study. Journal of Structural Geology, 31(10), 1238–1254.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tang, G. J., Wang, Q., Wyman, D. A., Sun, M., Zhao, Z. H., & Jiang, Z. Q. (2013). Petrogenesis of gold-mineralized magmatic rocks of the Taerbieke area, northwestern Tianshan (western China): Constraints from geochronology, geochemistry and Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotopic compositions. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 74, 113–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tang, Z. M., Cai, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., & Chen, F. Y. (2011). Deformational characteristics of ductile shear zones in northern and southern margins of eastern central Tianshan. China Geology, 38(4), 970–979. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Tu, Q., Feng, J., & Tian, T. (2012). Characteristics and analysis of metallogenic conditions of related typical copper (Molybdenum) and gold deposit in Boluokenu area of **njiang. **njiang Geology, 30(2), 176–181. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Van den Boogaart, K. G., & Tolosana-Delgado, R. (2013). Analyzing compositional data with R. Use R! Springer.

  • Wang, B., Faure, M., Cluzel, D., Shu, L., Charvet, J., Meffre, S., & Ma, Q. (2006). Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the northern West Chinese Tianshan belt. Geodinamica Acta, 19(3–4), 237–247.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, B., Shu, L. S., Cluzel, D., Faure, M., & Charvet, J. (2007b). Geochemical constraints on Carboniferous volcanic rocks of the Yili Block (**njiang, NW China): Implication for the tectonic evolution of Western Tianshan. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 29, 148–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, B., Shu, L. S., Faure, M., Jahn, B. M., Cluzel, D., Charvet, J., Chung, S. L., & Meffre, S. (2011). Paleozoic tectonics of the southern Chinese Tianshan: Insights from structural, chronological and geochemical studies of the Heiyingshan ophiolitic mélange (NW China). Tectonophysics, 497, 85–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, B., Zhai, Y., Kapp, P., de Jong, K., Zhong, L., Liu, H., Ma, Y., Gong, H., & Geng, H. (2018c). Accretionary tectonics of back-arc oceanic basins in the South Tianshan: Insights from structural, geochronological, and geochemical studies of the Wuwamen ophiolite mélange. GSA Bulletin, 130(1–2), 284–306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, B. Y., **g, D. L., Jiang, C. Y., Zhang, B., Wang, Z. X., & Shi, F. P. (2017). Geological background and metallogenetic mechanism of the eastern Awulale volcanic-hosted iron metallogenic belt in the western Tianshan. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 33(2), 385–397.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, M., Zhang, J., Pei, X., Liu, K., Zhang, B., & Chen, Y. (2018a). Significant Carboniferous magmatism and continental growth in the northern West Tianshan orogen, NW China: Revealed by detrital zircon U–Pb and Lu–Hf analyses for turbidites from the North Tianshan Accretionary Complex. Journal of Geodynamics, 118, 11–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, T., Tong, Y., Jahn, B., Zou, T., Wang, Y., Hong, D., & Han, B. F. (2007a). SHRIMP U–Pb zircon geochronology of the Altai No. 3 Pegmatite, NW China, and its implications for the origin and tectonic setting of the pegmatite. Ore Geology Reviews, 32(1), 325–336.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, X., Gu, X., Peng, Y., Li, W., Wan, Y., Yuan, P., Cao, J. L., & Yan, J. H. (2016). Geological features, metallogenic setting and exploration potential of the skarn Fe–Cu polymetallic deposits in the eastern segment of the Boluokenu mineralization belt, **njiang. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 32(5), 1315–1332. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, X., Zhang, Q., & Zhou, G. (2007c). National-scale geochemical map** projects in China. Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, 31, 311–320.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, X. L., Gu, X. X., Zhang, Y. M., Peng, Y. W., Zhang, L. Q., Gao, H., He, G., & Zhou, C. (2013). Temporal-spatial distribution, tectonic evolution and metallogenic response of the magmatic rocks in the Boluokenu metallogenic belt, west Tianshan, **njiang. Geological Bulletin of China, 32(5), 774–783. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, X. S., Zhang, X., Gao, J., Li, J. L., Jiang, T., & Xue, S. C. (2018b). A slab break-off model for the submarine volcanic-hosted iron mineralization in the Chinese Western Tianshan: Insights from Paleozoic subduction-related to post-collisional magmatism. Ore Geology Reviews, 92, 144–160.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Y. X., & Tian, P. R. (2003). Zoning and exploration significance of marine volcanic hotwater sedimentary deposits in **njiang. Geology and Prospecting, 39(4), 6–11. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Z. W. (1988). Regional geophysical features and deep crust constitution in Tianshan, China. **njiang Geology, 6(2), 29–34. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Windley, B. F., Alexeiev, D. V., **ao, W., Kröner, A., & Badarch, G. (2007). Tectonic models for accretion of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Journal of the Geological Society, 164(1), 31–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, J. Y., & Liu, C. D. (1989). Geological characteristics of Bayingou ophiolite from northern Tianshan Mountain. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 5, 76–87. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • XBGMR (**njiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources). (1993). Regional geology of **njiang Uygur Autonomy Region (pp. 1–841). Geology Publishing House. (in Chinese with English abstract).

  • **a, L., Xu, X., Li, X., Ma, Z., & **a, Z. (2012). Reassessment of petrogenesis of Carboniferous-Early Permian rift-related volcanic rocks in the Chinese Tianshan and its neighboring areas. Geoscience Frontiers, 3(4), 445–471.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • **a, L. Q., **a, Z. C., Xu, X. Y., Li, X. M., Ma, Z. P., & Wang, L. S. (2004). Carboniferous Tianshan igneous megaprovince and mantle plume. Geological Bulletin of China, 23(9–10), 903–910. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • **a, Z. C., Xu, X. Y., **a, L. X., Li, X. M., Ma, Z. P., & Wang, L. S. (2005). Geochemistry of the Carboniferous-Permian post-collisional granitic rocks from Tianshan. Northwestern Geology, 38(1), 1–14. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • **ao, W., Sun, M., & Santosh, M. (2015). Continental reconstruction and metallogeny of the Circum-Junggar areas and termination of the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Geoscience Frontiers, 6, 137–140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • **ao, W., Windley, B. F., Allen, M. B., & Han, C. (2013). Paleozoic multiple accretionary and collisional tectonics of the Chinese Tianshan orogenic collage. Gondwana Research, 23, 1316–1341.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ** in China. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 60, 99–113.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • **ong, S. Q., Yang, H., Ding, Y. Y., & Li, Z. K. (2018). Subdivision of tectonic units in China based on aeromagnetic data. Geology in China, 45(4), 658–680. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu, X. Y., **a, L. Q., Ma, Z. P., Wang, Y. B., **a, Z. C., Li, X. M., & Wang, L. S. (2006). SHRIMP zircon U–Pb geochronology of the plagiogranite from Bayingou ophiolite in North Tianshan Mountains and the petrogenesis of the ophiolite. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 22(1), 83–94. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Xue, C. J., Chen, B., Jia, Z. Y., Zhang, B., & Wan, Y. (2011). Geology, geochemistry and chronology of Lailisigao’er-3571 porphyry Cu–Mo ore-field, western Tianshan, **njiang. Earth Science Frontiers, 18(1), 149–165. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Xue, C. J., Wang, H. G., Zhao, X. B., & Chen, L. Y. (2013). Kexiaxi cluster of small intrusions in the Tulasu gold mineralization district, Western Tianshan, **njiang, and its copper exploration prospect. Earth Science Frontiers, 20(6), 180–194. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Xue, C. J., Zhao, X. B., Mo, X. X., Chen, Y. C., Dong, L. H., Gu, X. X., Zhang, Z. C., Nurtaev, B., Pak, N., Li, Z. D., & Wang, X. L. (2014). Tectonic-metallogenic evolution of western Tianshan giant Au–Cu–Zn–Pb metallogenic belt and prospecting orientation. Acta Geologica Sinica, 88(12), 2490–2531. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yan, S., Shan, Q., Niu, H., Yang, W., Li, N., Zeng, L., & Jiang, Y. H. (2015). Petrology and geochemistry of late Carboniferous hornblende gabbro from the Awulale Mountains, western Tianshan (NW China): Implication for an arc–nascent back-arc environment. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 113, 218–237.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yan, X. (2014). The regional aeromagnetic features and genesis of iron deposits in Yili terrane, western **njiang. Progress in Geophysics, 29(1), 346–354. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, F., Mao, J., Bierlein, F. P., Pirajno, F., Zhao, C., Ye, H., & Liu, F. (2009). A review of the geological characteristics and geodynamic mechanisms of Late Paleozoic epithermal gold deposits in North **njiang, China. Ore Geology Reviews, 35(2), 217–234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, G., Li, Y., Kerr, A. C., & Tong, L. (2018). Accreted seamounts in North Tianshan, NW China: Implications for the evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 153, 223–237.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, T. N., Li, J. Y., Wen, Z. T., Feng, X. F., Wang, Y., Sun, G. H., & Gao, L. (2004). Ductile shearing zones occurring along the northern and southern boundaries of the Central Tianshan Block. Acta Geologica Sinica, 78(3), 310–318. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, X. P., Yu, X. Q., Wang, Z. X., **ao, W. F., & Zhou, X. (2015). Comparative study on ore-forming conditions and sources of the hydrothermal gold deposits in the Chinese Western Tianshan. Geotectonica Et Metallogenia, 39(4), 633–646. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, Z. R., Gong, X. P., Liu, J. C., Zhou, Y., Zhang, Q. X., & Liu, Y. L. (2011). Metallogenic systems in the accretionary arc-basin tectonic system, Western Tianshan Mountains. Journal of Northwest University (natural Science Edition), 41(3), 485–490. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yao, J. Y. (1993). Geological characteristics of continental volcanic-hosted copper deposits in the western section of the Mt. Awulale, **njiang Uighur Autonomous Region. Geological Exploration for Non-Ferrous Metals, 5, 277–283. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ye, H. M., Ye, X. T., & Zhang, C. L. (2013). Geochemistry and geodynamic implications of Nileke Permian volcanic rocks in Western Tianshan, NW China. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 29(10), 3389–3401.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yi, D. G., Gong, X. P., Han, Q., Wang, H., Song, X. L., & Feng, J. (2015). Geological significant and volcanic features of Wulang formation of lower-middle Permian in Bayinjulike area, **nyuan County, **njiang. Northwest Geology, 48(1), 16–25. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yu, X. Z., Zheng, G. R., Xue, C. J., Cong, L. J., & Zhang, X. Y. (2011). Application of high-precision aeromagnetic data to mineral prospecting in the West Tian Shan area, **njiang. Geology and Exploration, 47(6), 1142–1152. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhai, W., Sun, X., Sun, W., Su, L., He, X., & Wu, Y. (2009). Geology, geochemistry, and genesis of Axi: A Paleozoic low sulfidation type epithermal gold deposit in **njiang, China. Ore Geology Reviews, 36, 265–281.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, D., Zhang, Z., Xue, C., Zhao, Z., & Liu, J. (2010). Geochronology and geochemistry of the ore-forming porphyries in the Lailisigao’er-Lamasu region of the Western Tianshan Mountains, **njiang, NW China: Implications for petrogenesis, metallogenesis, and tectonic setting. The Journal of Geology, 118(5), 543–563.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, G. W., Li, S. Z., Liu, J. X., Teng, Z. H., **, H. L., Li, W., Huang, X. X., & Wu, Y. H. (1999). Structural feature and evolution of Yili Basin, **njiang. Earth Science Frontiers, 6(4), 203–214. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, J., Zhao, G., Shen, W., Li, S., & Sun, M. (2015b). Aeromagnetic study of the Hengshan–Wutai–Fu** region: Unraveling a crustal profile of the Paleoproterozoic Trans-North China Orogen. Tectonophysics, 662, 208–218.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, L., Chen, H., Liu, C., & Zheng, Y. (2018). Ore genesis of the Saridala gold deposit, Western Tianshan, NW China: Constraints from fluid inclusion, S–Pb isotopes and 40Ar/39Ar dating. Ore Geology Reviews, 100, 63–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, L., Liu, C. F., & Wu, G. (2009a). The fluid inclusion geochemistry and mineragenetic type of the Wangfeng gold deposit, **njiang, China. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 25(6), 1465–1473. (in Chinese with English).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, Q., Xue, C. J., Zhao, X. B., Feng, B., **ng, H., Mo, X. X., Zhao, S. M., Yang, W. Z., & **ng, L. (2015a). Geology, geochemistry and metallogenic epoch of the Katebasu large-sized gold deposit, Western Tianshan Mountains, **njiang. Geology China, 42, 411–438. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, X., Tian, J. Q., Gao, J., Klemd, R., Dong, L. H., Fan, J. J., Jiang, T., Hu, C., & Qian, Q. (2012a). Geochronology and geochemistry of granitoid rocks from the Zhibo syngenetic volcanogenic iron ore deposit in the Western Tianshan Mountains (NW-China): Constraints on the age of mineralization and tectonic setting. Gondwana Research, 22, 585–596.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, X. J., Fan, Z. L., Zhang, G. R., & Yu, X. Z. (2013). Magnetic susceptibility features of rock and ore in west Tianshan area of **njiang and their applications. Geophysical & Geochemical Exploration, 37(1), 67–72. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, X. J., Zheng, G. R., Fan, Z. L., Zhou, J. X., Song, Y. B., & Wen, S. X. (2012b). Aeromagnetic anomaly characteristics of eastern segment of the West Tianshan Mountains, **njiang and the ore-prospecting effect. Progress in Geophysics, 27(1), 335–342. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, Z., Hong, W., Jiang, Z., Duan, S., Li, F., & Shi, F. (2014). Geological characteristics and metallogenesis of iron deposits in western Tianshan, China. Ore Geology Reviews, 57, 425–440.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, Z. C., Dong, S. Y., Huang, H., Ma, L. T., Zhang, D. Y., Zhang, S., & Xue, C. J. (2009b). Geology and geochemistry of the Permian intermediate-acid intrusions in the southwestern Tianshan, **njiang, China: Implications for petrogenesis and tectonics. Geological Bulletin of China, 28(12), 1827–1839. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, J., Zhang, Z. H., Liu, X. Y., Liu, M., Zhang, H., & Zhu, W. N. (2012). Carbon, oxygen, sulfur and lead isotope constraints on the ore source and metallogenesis of copper deposits in the western Awulale Mountain metallogenic belt, **njiang. Mineral Deposits, 31, 999–1013. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, J. X., Wang, Y. J., Fu, X. X., & Ward, S. H. (1989). An overview of exploration geophysics in China—1988. Society of Exploration Geophysicists.

  • Zhao, W., Zhao, X., Xue, C., Symons, D. T., Cui, X., & **ng, L. (2019). Structural characterization of the Katebasu gold deposit, **njiang, China: Tectonic correlation with the amalgamation of the western Tianshan. Ore Geology Reviews, 107, 888–902.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, X., Xue, C., Chi, G., Zhao, Y., & Yan, Y. (2018). Diabase-hosted copper mineralization in the Qunjsai deposit, West Tianshan, NW China: Geological, geochemical and geochronological characteristics and mineralization mechanism. Ore Geology Reviews, 92, 430–448.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhong, L., Wang, B., Shu, L., Liu, H., Mu, L., Ma, Y., & Zhai, Y. (2015). Structural overprints of early Paleozoic arc-related intrusive rocks in the Chinese Central Tianshan: Implications for Paleozoic accretionary tectonics in SW Central Asian Orogenic Belts. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 113, 194–217.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou, D., Su, L., Jian, P., Wang, R., Liu, X., Lu, G., & Wang, J. (2004). Zircon U–Pb SHRIMP ages of high-pressure granulite in Yushugou ophiolitic terrane in southern Tianshan and their tectonic implications. Science Bulletin, 49(13), 1415–1419.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, Y., Guo, X., Song, B., Zhang, L., & Gu, L. (2009). Petrology, Sr–Nd–Hf isotopic geochemistry and zircon chronology of the Late Palaeozoic volcanic rocks in the southwestern Tianshan Mountains, **njiang, NW China. Journal of the Geological Society, 166(6), 1085–1099.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, Y., Zhou, J., & Zeng, Y. (2007). The Tianger (Bingdaban) shear zone hosted gold deposit, west Tianshan, NW China: Petrographic and geochemical characteristics. Ore Geology Reviews, 32, 337–365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, Y. F., Zhou, J., & Guo, X. (2006). Petrology and Sr–Nd isotopic geochemistry of the Carboniferous volcanic rocks in the western Tianshan Mountains, NW China. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 22(5), 1341–1350. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zuo, G. C., Liu, Y. K., Zhang, Z. C., & Huang, H. (2011). Tectonic evolution of central and south Tianshan orogenic belts in the Central Asia and mineralization background. Geoscience, 25(1), 1–14. (in Chinese with English abstract).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study was financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) (CUG2106202) and the Program of Integrated Prediction of Mineral Resources in Covered Areas (No. 1212011085468). We thank Editor-in-Chief Prof. John Carranza and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments that improve the quality of the manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Yue Liu, Qinglin **a & Qiuming Cheng

  2. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Bei**g, 100083, China

    Qiuming Cheng

Authors
  1. Yue Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Qinglin **a
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Qiuming Cheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yue Liu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Liu, Y., **a, Q. & Cheng, Q. Aeromagnetic and Geochemical Signatures in the Chinese Western Tianshan: Implications for Tectonic Setting and Mineral Exploration. Nat Resour Res 30, 3165–3195 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-021-09881-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-021-09881-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation