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Genome-wide identification and characterization of filamentation temperature-sensitive H (FtsH) genes and expression analysis in response to multiple stresses in Medicago truncatula

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Abstract

Background

Filamentation temperature-sensitive H (FtsH) is an AAA+ ATP-dependent protease that plays a vital role in plant environmental adaption and tolerance. However, little is known about the function of the FtsH gene family in the most important legume model plant, Medicago truncatula.

Methods and results

To identify and investigate the potential stress adaptation roles of FtsH gene family in M. truncatula, we conducted a series of genome-wide characterization and expression analyses. Totally, twenty MtFtsH genes were identified, which were unevenly distributed across eight chromosomes and classified into six evolution groups based on their phylogenetic relationships, with each group containing similar structures and motifs. Furthermore, MtFtsH genes exhibited a high degree of collinearity and homology with leguminous plants such as alfalfa and soybean. Multiple cis-elements in the upstream region of MtFtsH genes were also identified that responded to light, abiotic stress, and phytohormones. Public RNA-seq data indicated that MtFtsH genes were induced under both salt and drought stresses, and our transcript expression analysis showed that MtFtsH genes of MtFtsH1, MtFtsH2, MtFtsH4, MtFtsH9, and MtFtsH10 were up-regulated after ABA, H2O2, PEG, and NaCl treatments. These results suggest that MtFtsH genes may play a critical role in drought and high salt stress responses and the adaption processes of plants.

Conclusions

This study provides a systematic analysis of FtsH gene family in M. truncatula, serving as a valuable molecular theoretical basis for future functional investigations. Our findings also extend the pool of potential candidate genes for the genetic improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in legume crops.

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Data availability

The transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) data obtained from Medicago truncatula Gene Expression Atlas database and are available at the following URL: https://medicago.toulouse.inrae.fr/GEA. Examples from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24661137/ and https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31505820/.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 32101421), Key project of science and technology vitalize Mongolia action (Grant No. NMKJXM202110-5), Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program, China (ASTIP-IAS14), China Agriculture Research System of MOF, and MARA, China (CARS-34), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. U21A20182).

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Author notes

  1. **aoxi Zhu and Andong Yu have contributed equally to this study.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development Zone, Harbin, 150025, China

    **aoxi Zhu, Yingying Zhang & Changhong Guo

  2. Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Bei**g, 100193, People’s Republic of China

    **aoxi Zhu, Andong Yu, Qianwen Yu, Ruicai Long, Junmei Kang, Qingchuan Yang & Mingna Li

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Contributions

XZ and ML conceived and designed the experiments; XZ, AY, and YZ conducted the genomic identification and characterization analysis of the gene family; XZ and QY prepared the plant materials and performed the qRT-PCR experiment; XZ and ML completed the figures; XZ and ML wrote the manuscript; and XZ, JK, QY, CG, and ML revised and finalized the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Changhong Guo or Mingna Li.

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Zhu, X., Yu, A., Zhang, Y. et al. Genome-wide identification and characterization of filamentation temperature-sensitive H (FtsH) genes and expression analysis in response to multiple stresses in Medicago truncatula. Mol Biol Rep 50, 10097–10109 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-08851-1

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