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Stability effects of added biomass on microalgae styrene–butadiene–styrene composites

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Abstract

The effect of added microalgae biomass to styrene–butadiene–styrene triblock composites (SBS) loaded with Chlorella vulgaris and Arthrospira platensis biomass was evaluated by nonisothermal chemiluminescence (CL), infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The high biomass content of up to 20% for Chlorella vulgaris and 30% for Arthrospira platensis create appropriate conditions for the propagation of oxidation, which is a convenient manner applicable to the degrading digestion of polymer matrix. The chemiluminescence spectra on these ecological formulations indicate the contribution of additives to the optimization of polymer waste disintegration. The degrading activities of the studied microalgal biomass added to the polymer matrix are influenced not only by concentration and source but also by the temperature evolution, which determines the proper thermal regime of material decay. The thermal aging of SBS/microalgal composites progresses peculiarly under the action of various pro-oxidant components. The amplitudes of oxidative conversion of SBS support are discussed with values of main kinetic parameters, onset, and intermediate oxidation temperatures. Although the addition of biomass to the polymer matrix introduces various transformations that affect its thermal behavior, the combined CL and DSC studies indicate that these changes ultimately enhance the polymer’s stabilization. The control SBS composite was the most stable, likely due to its homogeneous structure compared to the heterogeneous mixture in the microalgae SBS composites. Prolonged heating at elevated temperatures (80 °C and 120 °C) can lead to thermal aging and degradation of the polymer matrix, causing changes such as chain scission or cross-linking, which alter the material’s thermal properties.

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Acknowledgements

The research leading to these results has received funding from the NO grants of 2014–2021, under project contract no. 27/2020, and from the project titled “Excellence and Performance to increase the RDI Institutional Capacity (Pro Excellence),” financed by the Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation, and Digitization under contract no. 43 PFE/30 December 2021.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Radiochemistry Center, INCDIE ICPE CA, 313 Splaiul Unirii, 030138, Bucharest, Romania

    Traian Zaharescu

  2. ROSEAL SA, 5A Nicolae Bălcescu, 535600, Odorheiu Secuiesc, Romania

    Traian Zaharescu

  3. Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science and Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia, 130004, Targoviste, Romania

    Marius Bumbac

  4. Faculty of Sciences and Art, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia, 130004, Targoviste, Romania

    Marius Bumbac & Cristina Mihaela Nicolescu

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  1. Traian Zaharescu
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  2. Marius Bumbac
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  3. Cristina Mihaela Nicolescu
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All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. The roles were distributed equally in the performed study. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Traian Zaharescu and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript to prepare the submitted form of the study. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Marius Bumbac.

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Zaharescu, T., Bumbac, M. & Nicolescu, C.M. Stability effects of added biomass on microalgae styrene–butadiene–styrene composites. J Therm Anal Calorim (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13419-7

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