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Influence of air-cooled heat dissipation on the thermal characteristics and thermal management of battery packs for electromechanical equipment under plateau environment

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Abstract

As the plateau environment is characterized by low air pressure and low density, it greatly limits the heat dissipation performance of high-power electromechanical equipment. Especially for new military combat equipment in China, such as hybrid armored vehicles, effective heat dissipation of power batteries is essential for their operational viability in intricate plateau terrains. This paper focuses on the thermal management and heat dissipation attributes of a lithium-ion battery assembly within a military hybrid armored vehicle stationed at an altitude of 4000 m. Firstly, a comprehensive three-dimensional thermal model was constructed for the battery unit to establish an air-cooled dissipation framework. Secondly, the effect of structural parameters of the battery pack, specifically inlet and outlet sizes, quantity, and layouts, on heat dissipation was investigated. The results indicate that larger air inlet and outlet sizes contribute to better battery pack heat dissipation. And using two air inlets and outlets not only leads to lower maximum temperatures but also enhances overall temperature uniformity and cell module temperature consistency. Additionally, the forced convective heat transfer was analyzed by investigating the influence of inlet velocity. It was observed that forced air-cooled is suitable for battery packs with discharge rates below 1.6 C. Strategic optimization of battery pack structural parameters and the adoption of the carrier air-cooled approach can notably enhance battery cooling efficacy in plateau environments. These insights serve as a blueprint for refining battery pack designs to bolster heat dissipation performance, ultimately bolstering stability and reliability in plateau environments.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from Key Laboratory of Electromechanical Equipment Security in Western Complex Environment for State Market Regulation (CQTJ-XBJD-KFKT202204) and State Administration for Market Regulation (2022MK108).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400030, China

    Yunfei Yan, Yonghong Wu, Rongtian Wang, **hua Wu, **gxiang You & Zongguo Xue

  2. Key Laboratory of Electromechanical Equipment Security in Western Complex Environment for State Market Regulation, Chongqing, 401121, China

    Ziqiang He

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  1. Yunfei Yan
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  2. Yonghong Wu
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  4. Ziqiang He
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  5. **hua Wu
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  6. **gxiang You
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  7. Zongguo Xue
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Contributions

Project PI was done by Yunfei Yan and Ziqiang He; Yunfei Yan was involved in methodology; Yonghong Wu and Rongtian Wang helped in software; Yonghong Wu contributed to manuscript writing; Rongtian Wang, **gxiang YOU, and Zongguo Xue helped in validation; Data curation was done by **hua Wu; Yonghong Wu and Rongtian Wang were involved in formal analysis.

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Correspondence to Yunfei Yan.

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Yan, Y., Wu, Y., Wang, R. et al. Influence of air-cooled heat dissipation on the thermal characteristics and thermal management of battery packs for electromechanical equipment under plateau environment. J Therm Anal Calorim (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13298-y

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