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Effect of processing temperature on structural and electrical properties of lead-free K0.5Bi0.5TiO3 piezoelectric ceramics synthesized by sol-gel technique

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Abstract

In this paper, potassium bismuth titanate (KBT) ceramics were prepared by sol-gel technique. The structural and electrical properties were investigated at different calcination and sintering temperatures. The single phase tetragonal structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction pattern using Rietveld refinement. Raman analysis revealed changes in scattering mode of KBT ceramics with rise in processing temperature. Dielectric characterizations have been performed as a function of temperature. The ferroelectric nature of KBT ceramics is studied by automatic P-E loop tracer which reveals saturation polarization leading to a superior ferroelectric behavior. The values of d33 charge coefficients observed at different sintering temperatures were 224, 245 and 276 pC/N.

Graphical Abstract

This graphical abstract represents value of piezoelectric charge coefficient value (d33) increases with increase in sintering temperature. Raman spectroscopy analysis discloses its tetragonal phase structure without any secondary phases. The piezoelectric charge coefficient (d33) values of KBT ceramics are 224, 245 and 276 pC/N at different sintering temperature 950 °C, 1000 °C and 1050 °C, respectively.

Highlights

  • X-ray diffraction study revealed pure phases of tetragonal structure of KBT ceramics.

  • Raman analysis revealed changes in the scattering mode of KBT ceramics at different sintering temperatures.

  • P-E loop reveals saturation in its traces leading to good ferroelectric behavior of KBT ceramics.

  • High value of d33 coefficients i.e., 224, 245 and 276 pC/N were observed at different sintering temperatures.

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Acknowledgements

SB is thankful to JOINT CSIR-UGC NET-JRF having fellowship F.No.16-6(Dec.2017)/2018(NET/CSIR) for financial assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, 171005, HP, India

    Saloni Bhardwaj & Nagesh Thakur

  2. Department of Physics, Govt. College Nadaun, Distt.-Hamirpur, 177033, HP, India

    Shammi Kumar

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Contributions

SB: drafted the research paper including synthesis, characterization and result analysis, JRF fellow under CSIR-UGC NET-JRF having fellowship F.No.16-6(Dec.2017)/2018(NET/CSIR) to get financial aid to the research; SK: drafted, reviewed and proofread the version of research article, handling all the correspondence about the article; NT: supervisor of the research work, financial acquisition is also drawn under the authority of the author.

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Correspondence to Shammi Kumar.

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Bhardwaj, S., Kumar, S. & Thakur, N. Effect of processing temperature on structural and electrical properties of lead-free K0.5Bi0.5TiO3 piezoelectric ceramics synthesized by sol-gel technique. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 109, 734–747 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-024-06311-1

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