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Development of cornstarch-based shear thickening fluid and characterization of the effects of the addition of halloysite nanotubes-silica hybrid reinforcements

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Abstract

This work focuses on the development of cornstarch (CS)-based shear thickening fluid (STF) by adding halloysite nanotubes (HNTs)-silica hybrid suspensions to improve the intermolecular interations and rheological properties. CS is a potential candidate for high-impact energy absorption applications such as protective clothing, impact resistance, helmet, and energy dissipation. The CS was extracted from maize seeds by using amonium hydroxide, distilled water, and sodium hydroxide extraction techniques with the proper cleaning and milling processes. The concentrations (wt%) of HNTs (3, 5, 7, and 9), and silica (20, 25, and 30) suspensions were determined by using design of experiments (DoE). The STFs composites were homogenized by using ultra-sonication and magnetic stirring techniques to attain the required shear thickening properties. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was used to evaluate the molecular interactions. Furthermore, experimental characterizations using fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and rheological analysis were applied to fully investigate the STFs properties. The results obtained showed that the ammonium hydroxide extraction technique gave a significantly higher cornstarch yield. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results indicated that the addition of HNTs + silica particles leads to the formation of continuous molecular interactions and uniform distributions and reduced the formations of agglomerations. The TGA results showed that the CS degradation was reduced with high thermal stability when 5 wt.% of HNTs have been added. Furthermore, the addition of higher weight percentages of HNTs, and silica suspension particles increased the viscosity of the STF at lower shear rates.

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  1. Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 26, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

    Tibebu Merde Zelelew & Addisu Negash Ali

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Ermias Gebrekidan Koricho

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Tibebu Merde Zelelew: Contributed on the conceptualization, data processing, write-up, and reviewing; Addisu Negash Ali contributed on the conceptualization, write-up, editing, and supervision; Ermias Gebrekidan Koricho contributed on the conceptualization, and supervision.

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Zelelew, T.M., Ali, A.N. & Koricho, E.G. Development of cornstarch-based shear thickening fluid and characterization of the effects of the addition of halloysite nanotubes-silica hybrid reinforcements. J Polym Res 30, 433 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-023-03792-6

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